Living in Sydney: the ultimate expat guide

Sydney's economy drives much of Australia's growth, with major sectors including finance, technology, professional services, and healthcare. The city hosts the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX), the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), and over 600 multinational companies with Asia‑Pacific operations based here. In recent years, Sydney has seen growth in tech startups, digital services, and renewable energy projects, creating strong demand for professionals in software development, engineering, project management, and healthcare. Unemployment remains relatively low compared with national and global averages.

Key employment sectors

The financial services sector is a major employer, with banks, investment firms, and insurance companies concentrated in the central business district. Technology companies, from innovative startups to established firms, continue to provide career paths in IT, software development, and digital services. Healthcare and biotechnology continue expanding, driven by research institutions and major hospitals throughout the metropolitan area. Professional services including consulting, legal, and accounting firms maintain strong presence, while the tourism and hospitality sectors support Sydney's position as a major international destination.

Work requirements for expats

International professionals need appropriate work authorization to take up employment in Australia. The Skilled Migration Program targets workers in occupations experiencing shortages, while employer sponsorship visas allow companies to recruit overseas talent. Many employers assist with visa applications for specialized roles. Working holiday visas suit younger professionals seeking temporary employment combined with travel. The Australian government regularly updates its skilled occupation lists, reflecting current labour market needs across industries.

Data correct as of December 2025.

Sources: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Numbeo

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Sydney hosts several globally ranked universities that attract students from around the world. These institutions provide extensive support services for international students, including academic guidance, career counseling, and cultural orientation programs. The multicultural student bodies create diverse communities where international students can connect through cultural societies, sports clubs, and academic groups.

Top universities and programs

The University of Sydney, established in 1850, is Australia's oldest university with comprehensive programs across all major disciplines. The University of New South Wales (UNSW) specializes in engineering, business, and technology programs with strong research across multiple disciplines. Macquarie University provides a broad range of programs, including business, science, engineering, health, law, linguistics, and environmental studies, with innovative program design and research opportunities. All three institutions feature modern facilities, extensive libraries, research laboratories, and collaborative learning spaces. Campus locations provide easy access to public transport throughout Sydney.

Enrollment process

Sydney's universities accept various international qualifications, including International Baccalaureate, A-Levels, and equivalent certifications from education systems worldwide. Most require English language proficiency demonstrated through IELTS scores averaging 6.5 or equivalent tests. Application deadlines typically fall several months before the semester begins, with major intakes in February and July. Foundation programs through partner institutions offer pathways for students needing additional preparation.

Sources: University of Sydney, UNSW Sydney, Macquarie University

The Australian education system provides quality public education at no charge for permanent residents and citizens, while international schools cater specifically to families seeking curricula from their home countries. Government schools follow the Australian Curriculum, which emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and practical skills across all learning areas. International schools in Sydney deliver programs such as the International Baccalaureate (IB), Cambridge Curriculum, and various national curricula.

International and private school options

International Grammar School Sydney provides programs from early learning through Year 12, following both Australian and international frameworks. Sydney Japanese International School serves Japanese-speaking families, while other institutions offer American, British, and European curriculum models. Private schools like Sydney Grammar School and other prestigious institutions maintain high academic standards and comprehensive extracurricular programs. These schools typically feature small class sizes, modern facilities, and extensive resources for arts, sports, and technology. Many international schools have waiting lists.

Enrollment process

To enroll your children in a Sydney school you will need several documents, include their birth certificates, previous school reports, immunization records, and proof of residence. International schools conduct assessments to determine appropriate placement and may require English language proficiency testing for non-native speakers. Government schools accept enrollments based on designated catchment areas, ensuring families can access local schools near their homes. Catholic schools operate throughout Sydney, offering faith-based education within the Australian curriculum framework. The school year runs from late January through December, divided into four terms with breaks in April, July, and September-October.

Sources: NSW Department of Education, International Grammar School Sydney

Sydney's rental market reflects the city's status as a major global destination, with diverse housing options across different neighborhoods. Properties range from modern apartments in high-rise developments to traditional houses in established suburbs.

Popular neighborhoods for expats

The Eastern Suburbs, including Randwick, Coogee, and Bondi, attract professionals and families seeking proximity to beaches and the CBD with excellent schools and coastal walking paths. The Lower North Shore suburbs such as Mosman, Cremorne, and Neutral Bay provide harbor views, leafy streets, and have a strong community atmosphere. North Sydney appeals to professionals with good transport connections and family-friendly amenities. The Northern Beaches, including Manly and Dee Why, suit those seeking a relaxed coastal lifestyle.

Rental process and rental costs

Landlords usually require a bond equal to four weeks’ rent, paid along with the first month’s rent. Most leases run for six or twelve months, with the option to renew. Real estate agents manage the majority of rental properties, handling maintenance requests and conducting regular inspections throughout the tenancy.

Data correct as of December 2025.

Sources: NSW Fair Trading, Numbeo

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Sydney has world-class cultural institutions alongside extensive outdoor spaces. The Sydney Opera House hosts opera, theatre, dance, and contemporary music in its iconic building. The Royal Botanic Garden features 30 hectares of landscaped grounds along the harbour with free entry and spectacular views. Museums throughout the city explore Australian history, contemporary art, maritime heritage, and natural sciences, with some offering free admission..

Beaches and Outdoor Activities

Bondi Beach draws crowds for its golden sand and surf culture, with the Bondi to Coogee walk providing six kilometres of scenic clifftop paths. Manly Beach, accessible by ferry from Circular Quay, offers swimming, surfing, and waterfront dining. Sydney Harbour is ideal for sailing, kayaking, and paddleboarding. National parks surrounding Sydney, including Royal National Park, provide bushwalking trails and wildlife experiences within easy reach.

Festivals and social life

Sydney celebrates cultural diversity through numerous festivals throughout the year. Vivid Sydney transforms the city each winter with light installations, and the Sydney Festival in January showcases performing arts across multiple venues. Weekend markets, including The Rocks Markets, combine shopping with a lively social atmosphere. Neighborhood dining precincts in Surry Hills, Newtown, and Barangaroo offer everything from casual cafés to fine dining, reflecting the city’s multicultural population.

Sources: Sydney Opera House, Destination NSW

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Sydney residents enjoy year‑round access to beaches, parks, and harbour activities, with weekends often spent on coastal walks, sailing, or relaxing by the water at locations such as Manly, Bondi, and Barangaroo Reserve. The temperate climate supports outdoor dining, a key part of Sydney’s social life. Cafés open early, serving high-quality coffee, while restaurants offer cuisines from around the world, reflecting the city’s multicultural population.

Getting around

Sydney's public transport network includes trains, metros, buses, ferries, and light rail services that connect most areas of the metropolitan region. The Sydney Metro provides frequent services between the northwest suburbs and the city center, with ongoing expansion projects adding new connections. Trains link suburban areas to Central Station and the CBD, while buses serve neighbourhoods across the city, often using dedicated lanes to improve travel times during peak periods. Ferries offer scenic harbour commutes, connecting Circular Quay with waterfront suburbs such as Manly, Mosman, and Balmain. The integrated Opal card system allows seamless travel across all public transport modes, with daily and weekly fare caps.

Lifestyle and cultural habits

Work-life balance matters in Sydney, with many professionals finishing work by early evening to enjoy outdoor activities or family time. Punctuality is expected in professional settings, though social occasions tend toward more relaxed timing.

Source: Transport for NSW

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Sydney consistently ranks among the more expensive cities globally, with housing representing the largest expense for most residents. The cost of living in Sydney reflects the city's strong economy, high wages, and desirable lifestyle.

Monthly expenses for a single person

Data correct as of December 2025.

Monthly expenses for a family of four

Data correct as of December 2025.

Source: Numbeo