New rules for visas, work permits and students in Spain

Streamlined work permits

The reform cuts down on administrative hurdles for employers and strengthens protections for workers, especially seasonal employees. Authorities say they've considered the concerns of both sides—employers and workers alike—with the goal of reducing the exploitation of expats and improving their working conditions.

Foreign workers now receive a 12-month work permit, renewable for up to four years. They can also more easily combine salaried work with self-employment.

Clearer rules for the non-lucrative visa

The non-lucrative visa allows foreign nationals to live in Spain without working—either as employees or as self-employed individuals. Applicants must show they have enough financial resources to support themselves.

Previously, the rules for renewing this visa were vague. The reform now clarifies that it can be renewed if the person has lived in Spain for at least 183 days in a year. To be allowed to work in Spain, they must live in Spain for five years before applying for a long-term residence permit that includes work authorization.

Visa processes move online

Applying for or renewing a visa, or changing immigration status is now simpler. To address Spain's reputation for bureaucratic complexity, the government is investing in digital systems. As a result, more procedures are now available online.

Renewal grace period: A “second chance”

Expats who miss their permit renewal deadline will now have a grace period to regain legal status. Authorities stress that each situation will be reviewed individually.

Easier rules for international students

The reform brings more flexibility for international students in Spain. Those who graduate from Spanish institutions will have a smoother path to a work permit. While still enrolled, students may now work up to 30 hours per week—a significant increase from earlier limits. They can also complete up to 50% of their coursework online.

Expanded family reunification rights

The age limit for children eligible for family reunification has been raised from 18 to 26. This means expats can now sponsor adult children as part of their reunification application.