Living in Milan: the ultimate expat guide

Milan hosts the headquarters of major Italian banks, insurance companies, and multinational corporations alongside thriving sectors in fashion, design, technology, and consulting. For expats, the job market in Milan offers more opportunities than many other Italian cities, though competition remains strong and knowledge of Italian is increasingly important even in international firms.

Key employment sectors

The financial services sector is Milan's biggest employer, with institutions like UniCredit, Intesa Sanpaolo, and Generali employing thousands across banking, insurance, and asset management. The fashion and luxury goods industry provides opportunities not just in design but in marketing, retail management, and supply chain roles with houses like Armani, Prada, and Versace headquartered here. The technology and consulting sectors have grown substantially, and the tourism and hospitality sector, while not Milan's largest, usually has plenty of seasonal work.

Work permits

EU citizens enjoy freedom of movement and are free to work in Milan without a permit. However, they must register with local authorities within three months of arrival. For non-EU citizens, a work visa (Nulla Osta) is required and must be obtained through employer sponsorship before arriving in Italy. The employer must demonstrate that no suitable EU candidate is available for the position and apply through Italy's quota system, which allocates a limited number of permits annually based on nationality and profession.

Data correct as of December 2025.

Sources: Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics), Trading Economics, Numbeo

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Milan has established itself as a leading European education hub, hosting several world-renowned universities.

Top universities and programs

There is a remarkable selection of top-tier universities in Milan. Among them are: Bocconi University, founded in 1902, is a premier business school consistently ranked in global top 10 lists for economics and management programs. Politecnico di Milano is a prominent technical university, specializing in engineering, architecture, and design, with numerous English-taught master's options. The University of Milan, the city's largest public institution offers degrees across eight faculties, and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore provides Catholic education with programs in medicine, psychology, economics, and communication sciences.

Application and admission requirements

Application processes vary by institution but generally require submission of previous academic transcripts and proof of English proficiency (TOEFL, IELTS, or Cambridge certificates). Prospective students may also have to sit entrance exams or interviews. For Bocconi, students must typically demonstrate strong quantitative skills and previous academic excellence. Politecnico requires specific technical prerequisites depending on the chosen engineering discipline.

Sources: Bocconi University, Politecnico di Milano, Università degli Studi di Milano.

From Italian state schools to international institutions following British, American, and International Baccalaureate curricula, parents have a number of schooling options in Milan for their children.

Italian state schools

Public schools in Italy offer free, high-quality education from ages 3 to 19, divided into scuola dell'infanzia (preschool), scuola primaria (primary, ages 6-11), scuola secondaria di primo grado (middle school, ages 11-14), and scuola secondaria di secondo grado (high school, ages 14-19). Instruction occurs entirely in Italian.

International schools

Milan hosts several established international schools, each offering distinct curricula and philosophies. The International School of Milan (ISM) follows the complete IB continuum (PYP, MYP, DP) for students aged 2-18, operating from a modern campus in Baranzate. The American School of Milan combines American curriculum with the IB Diploma Programme for ages 3-18, serving students from over 50 nationalities. The British School of Milan, founded in 1969, follows the English National Curriculum leading to IGCSEs and the IB Diploma. Other notable institutions include Lycée Stendhal de Milan (French curriculum), Canadian School of Milan (Ontario curriculum and IB), and Deutsche Schule Mailand (German-Italian bilingual).

Sources: The International School of Milan, American School of Milan, Deutsche Schule Mailand

Milan's housing market reflects its status as one of Italy's most expensive city, with rents significantly exceeding other urban centers. However, it offers diverse neighborhoods suited to different lifestyles and budgets.

Where expats live

Centro Storico offers a premium, historic location near the Duomo, while areas like Porta Romana and Porta Venezia are central and slightly more affordable, popular with young professionals. The canal-side Navigli attracts young internationals for its lively, bohemian atmosphere. Modern districts like Isola and Porta Garibaldi appeal to business professionals working in Porta Nuova. More budget-conscious expats, including students, choose Lambrate and Città Studi or suburban options like Sesto San Giovanni for lower rents.

Rental process and rental costs

Rental contracts in Italy typically follow one of two models: the contratto a canone libero (free market, minimum 4 years) or the contratto a canone concordato (agreed rent, 3 years with associated tax benefits). To secure a property, landlords generally require a security deposit equal to 2–3 months' rent, proof of income, and sometimes a guarantor. Finally, note that the registration tax (imposta di registro) is typically split between the tenant and the landlord.

Data correct as of December 2025.

Source: Numbeo

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Milan's cultural offerings extend far beyond fashion runways, encompassing world-class museums, historic architecture, performing arts, and green spaces.

Museums and cultural landmarks

The city’s most iconic artwork is Leonardo da Vinci’s fragile fresco, The Last Supper, housed at Santa Maria delle Grazie, which requires booking well in advance. Dominating the skyline is the magnificent Duomo di Milano, one of the world's largest Gothic cathedrals, featuring spectacular rooftop views. Art lovers can explore the Renaissance masterpieces at the Pinacoteca di Brera and browse the collections at the massive 15th-century Castello Sforzesco. Meanwhile, opera, ballet and classical music fans flock to the prestigious Teatro alla Scala.

Parks, sports, and outdoor activities

Milan has an abundance of green spaces, starting with Parco Sempione, the city's largest central park. Other central options include Giardini Pubblici Indro Montanelli and newer spaces like CityLife Park and the contemporary Biblioteca degli Alberi near Porta Nuova. For unique outdoor experiences, the historic Navigli canals buzz with activity, particularly during evening aperitivo. Cycling and water sports enthusiasts can visit Idroscalo, a large artificial lake easily accessible by metro. If you are into soccer, the city is home to two world-renowned football clubs, AC Milan and Inter Milan, who share the iconic San Siro Stadium.

Sources: Parco Sempione, AC Milan, Inter Milan

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Milan's daily rhythm tends to differ markedly from stereotypical Italian cities, operating with northern European efficiency while retaining Italian warmth and style.

Public transportation

Milan boasts Italy's most extensive and reliable public transportation network, operated by ATM (Azienda Trasporti Milanesi). The system includes five metro lines (M1 red, M2 green, M3 yellow, M4 blue, M5 lilac), trams, buses, and suburban trains covering the entire metropolitan area. Night buses operate after metro closure for late-night travel. Since 2024, Milan has phased out paper tickets in favor of the rechargeable RicaricaMi card available at metro stations, tobacconists, and authorized retailers. Travelers can also use contactless payment cards directly at turnstiles, with fares automatically calculated.

Lifestyle and cultural habits

Unlike some other Italian cities, Milanese culture strongly prioritizes punctuality and efficiency. Business meetings typically start on time, and shops reliably observe their posted hours.

This efficiency blends with a pervasive fashion consciousness. Milanese tend to dress more formally than residents of other Italian cities, reflecting the city’s status as a global style capital. For instance, office environments usually require business or smart casual attire, and even casual social settings involve a noticeable attention to appearance.

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Milan consistently ranks as Italy's most expensive city, with living costs comparable to major European capitals while salaries remain lower than northern European equivalents.

Monthly expenses for a single person

Data correct as of December 2025.

Monthly expenses for a family of four

Data correct as of December 2025.

Source: Numbeo