Living in Ohio: the ultimate expat guide

Ohio's diverse economy provides employment opportunities across numerous sectors, from traditional manufacturing to emerging technology fields. The state employs more than 680,000 workers in manufacturing alone, representing the third-largest manufacturing workforce in the United States. Healthcare, financial services, and logistics round out the major employment sectors, creating a resilient job market that continues to attract both domestic and international talent.

Key Industries and Major Employers

Cleveland Clinic, the state's largest private employer, anchors Ohio's healthcare sector and directly supports $28.19 billion in economic activity. The Ohio State University, Nationwide Insurance, and Procter & Gamble (headquartered in Cincinnati) represent other major employers. The technology sector is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in Columbus, where Intel's planned semiconductor manufacturing facility promises to create 3,000 direct jobs plus thousands more through the supply chain. Manufacturing giants including Honda, Whirlpool, and General Electric maintain significant operations throughout the state.

Work Permits and Employment Requirements

International workers require appropriate visa sponsorship to work legally in Ohio. Common work visas include the H-1B for specialty occupations, L-1 for intracompany transfers, and O-1 for individuals with extraordinary abilities. Employers typically sponsor these visas, and processing times vary from several weeks to several months. The OhioMeansJobs platform (ohiomeansjobs.ohio.gov) serves as the state's official job portal, connecting job seekers with employers across all sectors.

Sources: Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED), Ohio Labor Market Information, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Ohio hosts more than 200 colleges and universities, including several nationally ranked research institutions. International students will find robust support services, diverse academic programs, and tuition rates that remain competitive compared to institutions on either coast. The state produces over 40,000 graduates annually, creating a skilled workforce that attracts major employers.

Major Universities for International Students

The Ohio State University in Columbus ranks among the largest public universities in the nation, enrolling approximately 60,000 students across more than 200 majors. International undergraduate students pay approximately $40,022 per year in tuition and fees, plus an additional International Student Fee of $3,103 for academic support services. Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland offers strong programs in engineering, medicine, and business, while Miami University in Oxford provides a traditional campus experience with recognized programs in business and education.

Tuition and Admission Requirements

Ohio University in Athens offers a guaranteed tuition program fixing costs at approximately $25,796 annually for non-residents, with the total I-20 cost of attendance reaching $44,794 per academic year including living expenses. International applicants typically need to demonstrate English proficiency through TOEFL (minimum scores vary by institution, often 79-100 iBT) or IELTS (typically 6.5-7.0). Most universities require transcripts, letters of recommendation, and personal statements. The F-1 student visa permits limited on-campus employment of up to 20 hours weekly during the academic year.

Sources: Ohio State University, Ohio University

Ohio provides multiple educational pathways for expatriate families, from excellent public school districts to private international schools offering globally recognized curricula. The state's public schools follow Ohio Academic Content Standards, while private options include International Baccalaureate (IB) programs and traditional American private schools with smaller class sizes.

International Baccalaureate (IB) Schools

Several Ohio schools offer the IB curriculum, which facilitates smooth transitions for internationally mobile families. Columbus Alternative High School provides the IB Diploma Programme, as does Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati (consistently ranked among the top public high schools nationally). In the Cleveland area, Shaker Heights City School District offers IB programs from elementary through high school, including Mandarin Chinese instruction beginning in first grade. St. Edward High School in Lakewood and Beaumont School in Cleveland Heights also offer IB programs in the private sector.

Public Schools and Enrollment

Ohio's public schools are free for residents and operate on a district system determined by home address. Top-rated districts include Dublin City Schools, Upper Arlington City Schools, and Indian Hill Exempted Village (Cincinnati area). Enrollment typically requires proof of residency, immunization records, and previous academic transcripts. Private school tuition averages approximately $10,000 annually, though elite institutions may charge $20,000 or more. Many private schools offer financial aid and scholarship programs for qualifying families.

Sources: Niche School Rankings, International Baccalaureate Organization

Ohio's housing market stands out for its affordability, with costs running approximately 15% below the national average. Whether renting an apartment in a downtown high-rise or purchasing a suburban home, newcomers will find options to suit various budgets and lifestyle preferences. The rental market offers flexibility for those new to the area, while home prices remain accessible compared to major coastal markets.

Average Rental Prices

Statewide, the average rent for a one-bedroom apartment is approximately $1,160 per month, well below the national average of $1,645. In Columbus, expect to pay around $1,077 to $1,445 for a one-bedroom and $1,300 to $1,700 for a two-bedroom. Cleveland offers slightly lower rents, with one-bedrooms averaging $1,339, while Cincinnati presents the most affordable major-city option at approximately $850 for a one-bedroom. Most landlords require a credit check, proof of income (typically 2.5 to 3 times the monthly rent), and a security deposit equal to one month's rent.

Expat-Friendly Neighborhoods

In Columbus, the Short North Arts District and German Village attract young professionals with walkable streets and thriving restaurant scenes. Dublin and Upper Arlington appeal to families seeking excellent schools and suburban amenities. Cleveland's Ohio City and Tremont neighborhoods offer renovated housing stock near downtown, while Shaker Heights provides tree-lined streets and top-rated schools. In Cincinnati, Hyde Park and Mount Adams combine historic charm with convenient access to downtown employers.

Sources: Rent.com, Apartments.com, Apartment List

Ohio offers an impressive array of cultural attractions, outdoor recreation, and entertainment venues that rival larger states. From world-class museums with free admission to some of the nation's best amusement parks, residents enjoy year-round activities suited to all ages and interests. The state's professional sports teams, thriving arts scenes, and natural landscapes provide endless opportunities for exploration and enjoyment.

Museums and Cultural Attractions

The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland draws nearly half a million visitors annually, celebrating music history in I.M. Pei's iconic lakefront building. The Cleveland Museum of Art offers free admission to its collection spanning 6,000 years of world art, including exceptional Asian, European, and American holdings. In Columbus, the COSI Science Center features over 300 interactive exhibits, while Franklin Park Conservatory displays the world's largest collection of Dale Chihuly glass artwork in a botanical garden setting. Cincinnati's Museum Center at Union Terminal houses multiple museums within a stunning Art Deco former train station.

Outdoor Activities and Entertainment

Cedar Point in Sandusky, dubbed the "Roller Coaster Capital of the World," operates 69 rides including record-breaking coasters. Hocking Hills State Park offers hiking trails through caves and past waterfalls, providing a peaceful retreat from urban life. The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium hosts over 10,000 animals, while the Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden—one of the oldest in the nation—features the famous hippo Fiona. For nightlife, Columbus's Short North district features galleries, restaurants, and bars, while Cleveland's Flats East Bank offers waterfront dining and entertainment. Professional sports include nine major teams, from the Cleveland Guardians to the Columbus Crew soccer club.

Daily life in Ohio balances the convenience of modern amenities with a more relaxed pace than major coastal cities. Most residents rely on personal vehicles for daily transportation, though public transit options exist in major cities. The state experiences four distinct seasons, from hot, humid summers to cold, snowy winters, requiring a versatile wardrobe and winter-ready vehicle.

Getting Around: Transportation Options

The Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) serves the Columbus metropolitan area with fixed-route buses and the CMAX bus rapid transit line. A single ride costs $2.00, with monthly passes available for $62. Cleveland's Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA) operates bus and rail lines, including the HealthLine bus rapid transit. Cincinnati Metro provides similar services across its metro area. However, car ownership remains practical for most residents—fuel prices average approximately $3.19 per gallon, and vehicle insurance averages around $1,023 annually, below the national average.

Lifestyle and Cultural Norms

Ohioans tend to be friendly and approachable, with a strong sense of community and Midwestern hospitality. Sports culture runs deep—college football (especially Ohio State Buckeyes) inspires passionate fandom, as do professional teams including the Cleveland Guardians (MLB), Cincinnati Reds (MLB), Cleveland Cavaliers (NBA), and Cincinnati Bengals (NFL). The workweek typically runs Monday through Friday, with most businesses operating 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tipping is customary at restaurants (15% to 20%) and for service providers. Grocery shopping, banking, and routine errands can be handled efficiently at numerous chain stores and local businesses throughout the state.

Ohio consistently ranks among the most affordable states in the nation, with overall living costs approximately 5% to 6% below the national average. Housing provides the greatest savings, running about 15% cheaper than the U.S. average, while healthcare costs sit approximately 18% lower. These savings allow residents to enjoy a comfortable lifestyle while building savings or paying down debt more easily than in higher-cost regions.

Monthly Budget: Single Person

A single person can expect monthly expenses (excluding rent) of approximately $1,100 to $1,300. When including a one-bedroom apartment, total monthly costs typically range from $2,200 to $2,600 depending on the city. Groceries average around $300 to $350 per month, while utilities for a standard apartment run approximately $150 to $180. Dining at an inexpensive restaurant costs around $15 to $20 per meal, and a mid-range three-course dinner for two averages $75 to $80.

Monthly Budget: Family of Four

Families of four should budget approximately $4,300 to $5,200 monthly (excluding rent). Adding a three-bedroom apartment or house rental brings total expenses to approximately $5,800 to $7,000. Childcare represents a significant expense, averaging $808 per month for infant care at a childcare center. Private school tuition adds approximately $10,000 annually per child, while public schools remain free. Health insurance through an employer typically costs families around $650 to $700 monthly for comprehensive coverage.

Sources: Numbeo, MIT Living Wage Calculator, Salary.com