@JaneLoveit
"Why do you have to pay non-resident tax in Spain?"
I agree with you, it's a wacky tax. But it's always a tough job arguing with tax authorities! :-)
"I am an EU citizen."
I don't think this affects it. Plus, since Brexit us Brits are no longer EU citizens.
"I own a property that I do not rent out, I have no rental license. I do not own any other property."
Yes, this is the case the tax applies to (if you are a non-resident for tax purposes).
"Is this just a made-up tax or is there some justification for it?"
Tax authorities don't need much justification. But I suppose the rationale is that foreigners with property are rich, and if they're non-residents then they won't be paying any other taxes, so this is their only shot.
More specifically, it is called the Non-Resident Imputed Income Tax (NRIIT).
Here's a nice explanation from Idealista:
"All non-residents who own property in Spain need to file once a year this testimonial tax.
Even if you do NOT rent out your property in Spain, you still need to pay it.
Also, if you do rent out the property part time during the year, on the days you do not rent out your property in Spain these are taxed as imputed income on a pro rata.
Basically, this tax is a legal fiction whereby it is surmised that you derive some form of financial benefit (income) from your Spanish home; that is why it is called non-resident imputed income tax, as it is deemed income. Spanish Tax Authorities take the view an owner derives a benefit in kind from owning property, irrespective of whether it is true or not, and taxes it accordingly.
Regarding the ongoing pandemic, the Spanish Tax Office takes the view of taxing the days your property stood empty and was not let, despite the mandatory enforced lockdowns.
When is this tax collected?
It is due on the 31st December of each calendar year.
How much is it?
It’s fairly low, normally spanning a few hundred euros.
What happens if I don’t pay it?
You will receive penalties, late interests, and when you sell your property you will forfeit the compulsory 3% non-resident retention on your sales proceeds.
Is there a Statute of Limitations
Yes. Currently, for year 2020, the tax office cannot claim back this tax going further than 2015. So, if you own property in Spain, and are non-resident, you need to file the last 5 years of tax returns to be tax-compliant."
I didn't know about the 3% retention on a sale, so it seems this law does have some teeth. So ignore it at your own risk! (If it's correct that there is both a potential 3% retention, and a statute of limitations, then it appears to me that the cost-effective route is perhaps to ignore it until you want to sell, and then pay the prior 5 years to bring you up to date.)
Idealist don't include how much it is, so the official calculation is:
An imputed income of 1.1 % of the "cadastral value", taxed at the income a tax rate of 24% (or 19% if you are resident in another EU country).
Our humble pad in Elche has a cadastral value of 25,000 euros if I recall correctly. 1.1% of that is 275 euros. 24% of that is 66 euros. It's less than half our IBI, so it's not the most outrageous tax in the world (especially if you add the two, and compare that total to your UK council tax bill). If you own a beachfront mansion in Marbella, then obviously it's a much bigger chunk of cash!