10/08/23 @Zug. Crime in Brazilian cities is complicated, being a foreigner makes it more complicated yet. It's important to remember -- although it's easy to forget because Brazilians are generally so pleasant -- that a foreigner always stands out in Brazil. Everybody within eyeshot "makes" you everywhere you go, 24 hours a day. The assumption often is that foreigners are rich, naïve (which makes them an easy touch), and distracted (which makes them an easy target). So, as I'm sure people have already told you, don't be distracted. No walking around with your eyes glued to your phone. Don't wear expensive jewelry, or have expensive gear hanging off you. Eating or drinking, don't take the table near the sidewalk, and don't leave bags, phones, and so on in places where someone can easily grab them and book. Be aware of your surroundings, including behind you. And of the street -- armed robberies of pedestrians by gunmen on motor bikes who then speed off are pretty common in São Paulo and Rio, and not unknown elsewhere. It's not necessary to look like the biggest badass on the street, but it helps to look like you might be more trouble than you're worth. The police often will pursue crimes against tourists more vigorously than crimes against locals and the bad guys know that, so it tends to even the score some for people who are careful. With that level of care, I'm willing to take most Brazilian cities on, although I too like smaller cities better.
Violent crime is most often local and situational, so avoiding the parts of town where it happens will keep you out of most of it, although it's still possible to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. Uber drivers, cab drivers, cops, and desk clerks can all tell you where not to go. Listen to them. Thrillseeking foreigners who seek out those places for a walk on the wild side are taking a big risk, and one that they probably can't afford to lose. Even if they get lucky once or twice, they shouldn't repeat it.
Last week the country was shocked by the early morning murder on a beach in one of the most elite areas of Rio de Janeiro of three orthopedists from São Paulo who were in town for a medical convention. Theories abound, including that it was a political hit, or that one of the docs had the misfortune of looking like a local gangster. This one is going to be solved: the Federal Government became involved immediately at the highest levels. Others will certainly disagree, but I identify this type of violence specifically with Rio de Janeiro, city and state, and won't be spending any time there for the foreseeable future.