Living in San Diego: the ultimate expat guide

San Diego's economy is driven by several key industries that offer excellent opportunities for skilled professionals. The city has earned the nickname "Biotech Beach" due to its concentration of nearly 2,000 life science companies generating a $56 billion economic impact. Major employers include Illumina, Qualcomm, and numerous defense contractors.

Key Employment Sectors

The defense sector contributes approximately $25 billion annually to the regional economy, supporting over 350,000 jobs. The U.S. Navy maintains its Pacific Fleet headquarters here, making military and defense contracting significant employers. Technology companies, particularly in telecommunications and software development, continue to expand, with over 11,000 tech companies operating in the region.

Work Permits and Visas

International workers typically require an H-1B visa for specialty occupations or an L-1 visa for intracompany transfers. Many biotech and tech companies sponsor work visas for qualified candidates. The average tech salary reaches USD 140,939 annually, reflecting the high demand for skilled professionals.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, California EDD

San Diego hosts several prestigious universities that attract students and researchers from around the world. The city's academic institutions are closely integrated with its biotech and technology industries, creating exceptional opportunities for career advancement and research collaboration.

University of California, San Diego (UCSD)

UC San Diego ranks among the top 30 universities in the United States and is renowned for its programs in engineering, biological sciences, and medicine. For the 2024-2025 academic year, undergraduate tuition is USD 16,758 for California residents and USD 50,958 for international students. The university enrolls over 45,000 students and maintains a 25% acceptance rate. Graduate programs range from USD 15,097 to USD 30,199 annually depending on residency status.

San Diego State University (SDSU)

SDSU offers more affordable tuition at USD 8,728 for California residents and USD 21,328 for out-of-state students. The university is known for business, engineering, and psychology programs, with over 39,000 students enrolled. International students pay an additional USD 444 per unit in non-resident tuition.

Sources: UC San Diego Financial Aid, SDSU Bursar's Office

San Diego ranks among America's top retirement destinations, attracting retirees with its exceptional climate, outdoor lifestyle, and world-class healthcare facilities. While the cost of living is higher than many retirement hotspots, the quality of life often justifies the expense.

Healthcare for Retirees

UC San Diego Health and Scripps Health are nationally recognized healthcare systems providing comprehensive care for seniors. The region offers numerous Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) in areas like La Jolla, Carlsbad, and Encinitas. Medicare recipients have access to various Medicare Advantage plans, including highly-rated options from Sharp Health Plan, voted San Diego's best health insurance for five consecutive years.

Retirement Visas and Residency

International retirees typically enter on B-2 tourist visas for extended stays up to six months. Those seeking permanent residency may qualify through family sponsorship or investment visas. California's Medi-Cal program provides healthcare assistance for eligible low-income residents. Retirees should consult immigration attorneys for personalized guidance on long-term residency options.

Sources: UC San Diego Health, Scripps Health

San Diego County provides excellent educational options for expatriate families, from public schools to prestigious private institutions. The San Diego County Office of Education oversees 42 school districts serving approximately 780 public schools. Several districts rank among California's best.

Public Schools

Public education is tuition-free and placement depends on residential address. Non-English speaking families can access dual-language immersion programs offering Spanish, German, Mandarin, and French instruction. The San Diego Unified School District operates several International Baccalaureate (IB) schools that follow globally recognized curricula.

Private and International Schools

Private schools charge varying tuition fees, typically ranging from USD 15,000 to USD 50,000 annually. Notable options include The Bishop's School, an Episcopal college preparatory school in La Jolla, and La Jolla Country Day School. The San Diego French American School offers bilingual French-English education accredited by the French Ministry of Education. International schools following British, American, or IB curricula are available throughout the county. Private preschool and kindergarten fees average USD 2,117 per month.

Sources: San Diego Unified School District, Numbeo

San Diego's housing market reflects its desirability, with rental prices approximately 45-50% above the national average. The city offers diverse neighborhoods ranging from beachfront communities to suburban family areas, each with distinct character and pricing.

Popular Neighborhoods for Expats

La Jolla is the premier upscale neighborhood, home to UC San Diego and stunning coastal views, with one-bedroom apartments averaging USD 3,500+ monthly. North Park offers an eclectic mix of restaurants, boutiques, and cultural attractions with one-bedroom rents around USD 2,597. Carmel Valley attracts families with top-rated schools and suburban amenities, while Downtown San Diego provides urban living with easy access to nightlife and business districts at approximately USD 3,200 for one-bedroom units.

Rental Costs and Procedures

Most landlords require proof of income at 2.5 times the monthly rent, credit checks, and security deposits equal to one month's rent. Lease agreements typically run for 12 months.

Sources: Numbeo, RentCafe

San Diego offers an extraordinary array of cultural, recreational, and entertainment options. The city's natural beauty, combined with world-class attractions, ensures residents never run out of activities to enjoy.

Balboa Park and Museums

Balboa Park spans 1,200 acres and houses 18 museums, beautiful gardens, and the world-famous San Diego Zoo. The park features Spanish Colonial Revival architecture and hosts numerous cultural events year-round. Notable museums include the San Diego Museum of Art, the Fleet Science Center, and the Museum of Us. The Zoo is home to over 3,700 animals from 650 species, including giant pandas that arrived in 2024.

Beaches and Outdoor Activities

The region's 70 miles of coastline offer beaches for every preference. La Jolla Cove is ideal for snorkeling and sea lion watching, while Pacific Beach attracts surfers and young professionals. Coronado Beach consistently ranks among America's best beaches. Hiking enthusiasts enjoy Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve with dramatic cliffs and rare Torrey pine trees.

Nightlife and Dining

The Gaslamp Quarter downtown features Victorian-era buildings converted into restaurants, bars, and clubs. San Diego's craft beer scene is legendary, with over 150 breweries in the county. The city's proximity to Mexico influences its exceptional Mexican cuisine.

Sources: Balboa Park, San Diego Tourism Authority

Daily life in San Diego revolves around the outdoors, thanks to the exceptional climate. Residents enjoy year-round beach activities, hiking in nearby mountains, and al fresco dining. The city's laid-back atmosphere contrasts with its professional opportunities, creating an appealing work-life balance.

Public Transportation

The Metropolitan Transit System (MTS) operates buses and the Trolley light rail system connecting major areas including downtown, the airport, and SDSU. A one-way fare costs USD 2.50, while monthly passes are USD 72 for standard regional service. The PRONTO contactless payment system makes fare payment convenient. Youth under 18 ride free with a Youth PRONTO card. The COASTER commuter train connects San Diego to North County communities including Carlsbad and Oceanside.

Driving and Car Ownership

Most residents own vehicles, as public transit coverage is limited in suburban areas. Gasoline costs approximately USD 1.24 per liter (about USD 4.70 per gallon). The city experiences moderate traffic congestion, particularly during rush hours on Interstate 5 and Interstate 8. Parking in popular areas like Pacific Beach and La Jolla can be challenging during peak tourist seasons.

Sources: San Diego MTS

San Diego's cost of living is approximately 45% higher than the national average, primarily driven by housing costs. However, residents benefit from no state income tax on Social Security benefits and generally lower costs than San Francisco or Los Angeles. The tables below provide estimated monthly budgets.

Monthly Budget: Single Person

Monthly Budget: Family of Four

Sources: Numbeo