Living in Arizona: the ultimate expat guide

Arizona's economy continues to expand, offering diverse employment opportunities across multiple industries. The state recorded an unemployment rate of 4.2% as of September 2025, slightly below the national average. The Phoenix metropolitan area ranks among the top U.S. cities for manufacturing job growth, driven by significant investments from semiconductor companies.

Key Industries and Major Employers

The healthcare and social assistance sector leads job creation, projected to add 113,466 jobs between 2024 and 2034. Technology and semiconductors represent a booming sector, with TSMC and Intel investing billions in new fabrication plants. Aerospace and defense companies like Honeywell, Raytheon, and Boeing maintain significant operations throughout the state. Other major employers include Banner Health, Arizona State University, Amazon, and Wells Fargo.

Work Permits and Employment

International workers typically require employer sponsorship for work visas such as the H-1B (specialty occupations), L-1 (intracompany transfers), or O-1 (extraordinary ability). The E-2 Treaty Investor visa is available for entrepreneurs from qualifying countries. Arizona participates in the federal E-Verify program, requiring employers to verify work authorization.

Employment Indicators

Sources: Arizona Office of Economic Opportunity, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Arizona is home to several nationally ranked universities offering programs across all disciplines. International students will find robust support services, diverse student communities, and competitive tuition rates compared to many other states.

Major Universities

Arizona State University (ASU) in Tempe is one of the largest public universities in the United States, enrolling over 13,000 international students from more than 150 countries. ASU is known for innovation and offers extensive online and in-person programs. University of Arizona (UArizona) in Tucson is a leading research institution recognized for programs in astronomy, optical sciences, and engineering. Northern Arizona University (NAU) in Flagstaff offers a smaller campus experience with strong programs in forestry, education, and environmental sciences.

Tuition and Admission for International Students

International undergraduate students at ASU can expect annual tuition between $32,000 and $36,000, while graduate programs range from $25,000 to $33,000. At University of Arizona, international graduate tuition runs approximately $1,500 to $2,500 per credit. Total annual costs including housing, insurance, and living expenses typically reach $50,000 to $55,000. Both universities offer merit-based scholarships for international students, including ASU's New American University Scholarship and UArizona's Global Wildcat Award.

Admission Resources

For detailed admission requirements and tuition calculators:

1. Arizona State University International Admissions
2. University of Arizona International Students
3. Northern Arizona University International Admissions

Arizona ranks as the second most popular retirement destination in the United States, welcoming over 20,000 retirees aged 60 and above annually. The combination of favorable tax policies, warm climate, and extensive retirement communities makes it an attractive choice.

Tax Benefits for Retirees

Arizona offers several tax advantages for retirees. Social Security benefits are not taxed at the state level. The state has a flat income tax rate of just 2.5%, among the lowest in the nation. Arizona does not impose an estate tax or inheritance tax. Property taxes average 0.51%, well below the national average of 0.99%. The Senior Property Valuation Protection Option can freeze property valuations for qualifying seniors aged 65 and older, preventing tax increases on their homes.

Healthcare and Retirement Communities

Arizona's healthcare system includes renowned facilities like the Mayo Clinic in Phoenix and Banner Health network locations throughout the state. Approximately 1.4 million adults (19% of the population) use Medicare. The state hosts over 150 active adult and retirement communities, with notable areas including Sun City (the nation's first planned retirement community), Green Valley near Tucson, and Prescott in the mountains. These communities offer amenities like golf courses, fitness centers, social clubs, and organized activities.

Considerations for Retirees

While Arizona offers many benefits, retirees should consider the intense summer heat, which can pose health risks for some individuals. Healthcare access varies significantly between urban and rural areas. Water resource concerns are an ongoing consideration for long-term planning. Many retirees adopt a "snowbird" lifestyle, spending summers in cooler climates while enjoying Arizona's mild winters.

Arizona offers a variety of schooling options for expatriate families, including public schools, charter schools, private institutions, and international programs. The state operates a robust public education system alongside numerous specialized alternatives.

Public and Charter Schools

Arizona public schools are free for residents and accept students regardless of immigration status. The state is known for its extensive charter school network, with over 500 charter schools offering specialized curricula. BASIS Schools, founded in Tucson in 1998, have consistently ranked among the top public high schools nationally, with locations throughout Phoenix, Tucson, and surrounding areas. Enrollment in public schools requires proof of residency, immunization records, and previous school transcripts.

International and Private Schools

Several international schools cater specifically to expatriate families. The International School of Arizona (ISA) in Scottsdale offers bilingual French and Spanish immersion programs from 18 months through 8th grade, with annual tuition around $16,300. The International School of Tucson provides bilingual programs in Spanish, French, German, and Chinese. For families seeking traditional American education, private schools like Phoenix Country Day School and Brophy College Preparatory offer rigorous academic programs with tuition ranging from $12,000 to $35,000 annually.

School Options Summary

Sources: International School of Arizona, BASIS Schools

Arizona's housing market offers options ranging from modern urban apartments to sprawling suburban homes and desert retreats. While housing costs have risen significantly since 2020, prices remain more affordable than in California or the Northeast.

Rental Market Overview

As of 2025, the average rent for a one-bedroom apartment in Arizona is approximately $1,341 per month, while two-bedroom units average around $1,629. In Phoenix specifically, one-bedroom apartments in the city center average $1,731, with prices outside the center around $1,400. Three-bedroom apartments in central Phoenix average $2,819. Tucson offers more affordable options, with one-bedroom apartments averaging around $900 to $1,100.

Popular Areas for Expats

Scottsdale attracts professionals and families seeking upscale amenities, excellent schools, and a resort-like atmosphere. Tempe appeals to young professionals and students due to its proximity to ASU and walkable downtown. Gilbert and Chandler are family-friendly suburbs with top-rated schools and modern infrastructure. Central Phoenix offers urban living with access to arts, dining, and entertainment.

Rental Process

Renting typically requires a completed application, credit check, proof of income (usually 2-3x the monthly rent), and references. Most landlords require a security deposit equal to one month's rent. Leases are commonly 12 months. International applicants without U.S. credit history may need to provide additional documentation or pay larger deposits.

Average Monthly Rent (2025)

Sources: Numbeo, Apartments.com

Arizona offers an exceptional range of cultural, recreational, and entertainment options that reflect its unique blend of desert landscapes, Native American heritage, and modern urban amenities.

Natural Attractions and Outdoor Activities

The Grand Canyon National Park is Arizona's most iconic destination, attracting millions of visitors annually. Closer to Phoenix, Camelback Mountain and South Mountain Park offer excellent hiking within city limits. Sedona draws visitors for its stunning red rock formations and spiritual retreats. Lake Pleasant and Saguaro Lake provide opportunities for boating, fishing, and water sports. The Sonoran Desert landscape offers unique experiences including visiting the Desert Botanical Garden and exploring cactus-filled wilderness areas.

Arts and Culture

The Phoenix Art Museum is the largest art museum in the Southwest, while the Heard Museum specializes in Native American art and culture. Musical Instrument Museum (MIM) houses over 8,000 instruments from around the world. Downtown Phoenix's Roosevelt Row arts district features galleries, street art, and monthly art walks. Tucson offers a vibrant cultural scene with the Tucson Museum of Art and the historic Fourth Avenue district.

Sports and Entertainment

Arizona hosts professional teams across all major leagues: Arizona Cardinals (NFL), Phoenix Suns (NBA), Arizona Diamondbacks (MLB), Phoenix Mercury (WNBA), and Arizona Coyotes (NHL). The state is also famous for golf, with over 300 courses including world-class resorts. Spring training baseball brings fans from across the country each March. Movie tickets average $13.50, and gym memberships range from $10 to $125 monthly depending on the facility.

Daily life in Arizona revolves around its car-centric culture, outdoor lifestyle, and distinct seasonal rhythms. Understanding these aspects will help newcomers adapt quickly to their new environment.

Getting Around

Arizona is predominantly car-dependent, and most residents own vehicles for daily transportation. However, the Phoenix metropolitan area offers expanding public transit options through Valley Metro. The Valley Metro Rail light rail system covers 38.5 miles connecting Phoenix, Tempe, and Mesa, with stations near major attractions, universities, and the airport. A single ride costs $2, while monthly passes are $64. Bus services complement the rail system throughout the Valley. In Tucson, Sun Tran operates the city's bus network. Ride-sharing services like Uber, Lyft, and the autonomous Waymo operate extensively in the Phoenix area.

Lifestyle and Climate Considerations

Summer temperatures in Phoenix regularly exceed 100°F (38°C), with June through August being the hottest months. Residents adapt by scheduling outdoor activities for early morning or evening and spending midday hours indoors with air conditioning. The monsoon season from July to September brings dramatic thunderstorms and occasional flooding. Winters are mild and pleasant, attracting "snowbirds" who escape colder climates. The state's natural beauty encourages an active outdoor lifestyle including hiking, golf, cycling, and water sports at lakes.

Practical Tips

Air conditioning is essential and significantly impacts summer utility bills. Sun protection, including sunscreen, sunglasses, and hats, is necessary year-round. Staying hydrated is critical during hot months. Many businesses and restaurants offer generous happy hours and early-bird specials to encourage activity during cooler evening hours.

Arizona's cost of living is approximately 6-8% higher than the national average, with housing being the primary driver. However, costs remain significantly lower than coastal metropolitan areas like Los Angeles or San Francisco.

Monthly Budget for a Single Person

The following table outlines estimated monthly expenses for a single person living in Phoenix:

Monthly Budget for a Family of Four

Sources: Numbeo 2025, MIT Living Wage Calculator, Salary.com