Living in Haarlem: the ultimate expat guide

Haarlem offers strong employment prospects within the broader Amsterdam Metropolitan Area, one of Europe's most dynamic economic regions. The city itself hosts businesses in creative industries, retail, healthcare, and professional services, while most residents commute to Amsterdam or work remotely for international companies.

Employment landscape

The Netherlands maintains one of Europe's lowest unemployment rates at approximately 4% (2025). Key sectors with ongoing labor shortages include IT and technology, healthcare, engineering, and education. The Dutch government actively recruits international talent through the Highly Skilled Migrant (Kennismigrant) program, which offers fast-track work permits for qualified professionals.

Work permits and salary requirements

EU/EEA citizens can work freely in the Netherlands. Non-EU professionals typically require a Highly Skilled Migrant permit, which mandates minimum monthly salaries of €5,688 (age 30+) or €4,171 (under 30) in 2025. The EU Blue Card is available for highly qualified workers earning at least €5,867 monthly. Many employers also offer the 30% ruling, a tax benefit allowing up to 30% of salary to be received tax-free for the first five years.

The following table summarizes key employment indicators:

Sources: CBS Statistics Netherlands, IND Immigration Service

While Haarlem is not a traditional university city, it offers excellent higher education options and benefits from proximity to Amsterdam's world-renowned institutions. Students can enjoy Haarlem's lower cost of living while accessing programs throughout the region.

Universities in Haarlem

Inholland University of Applied Sciences operates a major campus in Haarlem, offering bachelor's programs in Business Studies, Information Technology, Creative Business, and Teacher Education. All international programs are taught in English. As a public institution, EU students pay statutory tuition of approximately €2,530 annually, while non-EU students pay around €8,500–10,000.

SRH Haarlem University of Applied Sciences is a private institution offering English-taught bachelor's degrees in Business Psychology, Digital Transformation, and Creative Media. Tuition ranges from €8,900–10,900 per year. The campus includes on-site student accommodation.

Nearby universities

Amsterdam's universities are easily accessible: University of Amsterdam (UvA) and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU) are both within 30 minutes. Leiden University, one of the Netherlands' oldest and most prestigious institutions, is 25 minutes south by train. Admission to Dutch universities typically requires high school completion equivalent to Dutch VWO level, plus English proficiency (IELTS 6.0–6.5 minimum).

Sources: Inholland University, SRH Haarlem Campus

Haarlem provides diverse schooling options for international families, from Dutch public schools offering integration programs to fully English-medium international schools following international curricula.

International schools

International School Haarlem (ISH) is the primary choice for expat families. As a Dutch International School (DIS), it receives partial government subsidy, keeping fees lower than private alternatives. ISH offers the International Baccalaureate programs: Primary Years (ages 4–11), Middle Years (ages 11–16), and Diploma Programme (ages 16–18). Annual tuition ranges from €5,330–6,660 depending on grade level. The school combines IPC with British National Curriculum elements.

Winford Bilingual Primary School in Haarlem provides dual-language Dutch/English education for ages 4–12, ideal for families planning long-term integration.

Dutch public education

Dutch public schools are free and maintain high standards. Many offer newcomer classes (schakelklas) to help children learn Dutch before mainstream integration. Schools are typically within walking or cycling distance in residential neighborhoods. The Dutch system divides secondary education into VMBO (vocational), HAVO (general), and VWO (pre-university) tracks based on assessment at age 12.

International schools near Amsterdam (25–30 minutes) include the British School of Amsterdam, Amsterdam International Community School, and American School of The Hague.

Sources: International School Haarlem, Dutch Government Education

The Haarlem housing market is competitive, reflecting its desirability as a residential alternative to Amsterdam. Rental prices have increased significantly in recent years, though remain lower than the capital. Planning ahead and engaging a local real estate agent (makelaar) is advisable.

Popular neighborhoods

Centrum – The historic heart with cobblestone streets, cafes, and proximity to all amenities. Highest rental prices but unmatched atmosphere. Kleverpark – A leafy northern neighborhood with 1930s architecture, popular with families. Within walking distance of the train station. Kleine Hout – Adjacent to Haarlemmerhout woodlands, offering green surroundings and family-friendly facilities. Schalkwijk – More affordable, modern district with excellent transport links, ideal for budget-conscious residents. Surrounding towns like Heemstede, Bloemendaal, and Overveen offer more space and coastal proximity at premium prices.

Rental costs

The North Holland region averages €17–20 per square meter monthly. Expect the following approximate monthly rents:

Rental contracts in the private sector typically require proof of income (often 3–4x monthly rent), a deposit (1–2 months), and registration at the municipality (gemeente).

Sources: Pararius, Numbeo

Haarlem punches above its weight culturally, offering world-class museums, historic architecture, and vibrant entertainment within a walkable city center. Its position as the historical heart of Dutch Golden Age painting ensures an exceptional artistic heritage.

Museums and cultural sites

The Frans Hals Museum houses the world's largest collection of paintings by the celebrated 17th-century portraitist, displayed in a beautifully preserved almshouse. Teylers Museum, the oldest museum in the Netherlands (founded 1784), showcases art, natural history, and scientific instruments in its original cabinets. The Grote Kerk (St. Bavo Church) features a magnificent organ that the young Mozart played in 1766. The Corrie ten Boom House tells the powerful story of a family who hid Jewish refugees during World War II.

Parks and recreation

Haarlemmerhout is the oldest public park in the Netherlands, perfect for walks, picnics, and family outings at the children's farm. Zandvoort Beach is a 15-minute bus ride away, offering North Sea beaches, dune reserves, and the Formula 1 circuit. Cycling routes extend into the surrounding tulip fields (spring) and nature reserves.

Events and nightlife

Annual highlights include Haarlem Jazz & More festival, Haarlem Culinary, and traditional Christmas markets. The Patronaat music venue hosts international acts. The Jopenkerk, a church converted into a craft brewery, exemplifies Haarlem's creative reuse of historic spaces.

Sources: Frans Hals Museum, Teylers Museum

Daily life in Haarlem combines Dutch practicality with historic charm. The compact city center is easily navigable on foot or by bicycle, while excellent public transport connects residents to the broader region.

Getting around

Cycling is the primary transport mode. Dedicated bike paths connect all neighborhoods, and rental services like Rent a Bike Haarlem serve newcomers. Haarlem Centraal Station provides direct trains to Amsterdam Centraal (15 minutes, departing every 10–20 minutes), Schiphol Airport (30 minutes via bus 300 or train via Sloterdijk), and Leiden (25 minutes). Local buses operated by Connexxion serve all neighborhoods. Payment is cashless via OV-chipkaart or contactless bank card. A single journey costs approximately €2–4.

Dutch lifestyle

Haarlem embraces the Dutch work-life balance ethos. Shops typically close by 6pm (except Thursday late-night shopping until 9pm). Saturday markets fill the Grote Markt with local produce, flowers, and goods. Sunday remains quiet, with limited retail opening hours. Social life centers on gezelligheid (cozy conviviality) in cafes, terraces, and private gatherings. Dutch directness is cultural rather than impolite – straightforward communication is valued. English is widely spoken, though learning basic Dutch demonstrates commitment and eases integration. Many employers offer Dutch language courses.

Sources: NS Dutch Railways, 9292 Public Transport

Haarlem ranks among the Netherlands' more expensive cities, though costs remain below Amsterdam. The city ranks 2nd nationally in cost of living indices. Careful budgeting is essential, particularly for housing and childcare.

Monthly costs for a single person

The following estimates exclude rent:

Monthly costs for a family of four

Health insurance is mandatory in the Netherlands (basic coverage ~€120–150/month). Dutch public schools are free; international school fees apply as listed above.

Sources: Numbeo 2025, CBS Statistics Netherlands