Living in Tokyo: the ultimate expat guide

Tokyo is a major center of economic activity in Japan, hosting headquarters for leading corporations, innovative startups, and financial institutions. The city’s economy is diversified, with services—including finance, professional services, retail, and information and communications—accounting for the largest share of output, while technology and manufacturing also play a significant role in the metropolitan area and surrounding regions. Major companies with substantial operations in Tokyo include Sony, Toyota, SoftBank, and NTT, alongside numerous multinational firms. The Tokyo Stock Exchange is one of Asia’s largest and most influential financial markets.

Tokyo's housing market varies dramatically by location, with central wards commanding premium prices while outer areas offer better value. Each neighborhood has distinct characteristics, from the bustling commerce of Shibuya to the residential calm of Setagaya.

The cost of living in Tokyo varies significantly based on lifestyle choices and residential location. While the city no longer ranks among the world's most expensive, costs still require careful budgeting.

Monthly expenses for a single person

Data correct as of December 2025.

Monthly expenses for a family of four

Data correct as of December 2025.

Source: Numbeo

Tokyo hosts several world-class universities and is a top destination in Asia for advanced academic study and research.

Universities and programs

The University of Tokyo provides a wide range of programs across multiple disciplines, with select undergraduate tracks such as the PEAK program and various graduate programs offered in English. Waseda University offers a growing number of English-taught programs in business, international relations, and social sciences. Keio University is renowned for its economics, business, and policy studies, with expanding English-language programs. Sophia University also has numerous English-taught courses across various disciplines.

Admission requirements

International applicants to universities in Tokyo must demonstrate English proficiency through TOEFL, IELTS, or other accepted examinations, with requirements varying by program. Academic transcripts and certificates should be submitted in official form, with translations where needed. Strong academic performance is expected, and student visa applicants must prove financial capability to cover tuition and living expenses. Application deadlines differ by university and program, generally falling between late autumn and early spring for spring or fall intake, depending on the course schedule.

Public schools welcome international students but provide limited English support. Some Tokyo public schools offer bilingual programs or additional Japanese language assistance for non-native speakers.

International schools

Tokyo offers numerous international schools serving expatriate families, with curricula including International Baccalaureate, American, British, and other national systems. The American School in Japan (ASIJ), established over 120 years ago, serves students from age 3 to 18 with an American curriculum. The British School in Tokyo (BST) teaches the English National Curriculum across multiple campuses. Seisen International School, Tokyo International School, and K. International School Tokyo all offer IB programs with strong university placement records.

Application process

International schools in Tokyo typically require applications 12 to 18 months ahead of the intended start date. The process usually includes parent questionnaires, academic records, teacher recommendations, and assessments or interviews for older students. Many schools maintain waiting lists, especially for mid-year entry.

Tokyo’s public infrastructure supports a high standard of daily living, from reliable healthcare access to well-organized municipal services. The city's legendary punctuality and service quality extend across all aspects of daily life.

Tokyo offers extraordinary cultural experiences, from ancient temples to cutting-edge digital art. The city's diverse entertainment landscape ensures endless exploration possibilities for residents and visitors alike.

Tokyo combines economic opportunity, cultural richness, exceptional safety, and world-class infrastructure into a compelling destination for international professionals and families. Success in Tokyo requires patience with language barriers, respect for cultural norms, and willingness to adapt to Japanese business and social practices. The reward is life in one of the world's most fascinating cities, where ancient traditions coexist with cutting-edge innovation, and where safety, cleanliness, and service quality set global standards. For more in information, check out our informative articles and join the Expat.com Tokyo forum where you can connect with other expats and ask questions about life in the city.