Living in Kampala: the ultimate expat guide

Kampala's job market is experiencing significant growth, driven by Uganda's expanding economy and major infrastructure projects. The country's GDP growth reached 6.8% in 2024/2025, creating opportunities across multiple sectors for skilled professionals.

Key Employment Sectors

The city's economy is diversified across several thriving industries. Oil and gas development represents a major growth area, with approximately $20 billion in infrastructure investment underway and commercial production expected to begin in the 2025/2026 fiscal year. The banking and financial services sector has established Kampala as a regional hub, with both local and international institutions operating in the city. Information and communications technology (ICT) is expanding rapidly, supported by Uganda's digital transformation roadmap aiming for 90% broadband coverage by 2040. The agriculture and agribusiness sector remains significant, employing a large portion of the workforce and offering opportunities in value-added processing. Manufacturing, construction, hospitality and tourism, education, and healthcare also provide substantial employment opportunities for both local and international professionals.

Work Permits and Employment Requirements

Foreign nationals planning to work in Uganda must obtain a work permit (Entry Permit) sponsored by an employer. The most common permit for expatriate employees is the Class G2 permit, which requires employer sponsorship and proof that the position requires foreign expertise. Processing takes approximately 4 to 6 weeks, and applicants must submit applications through the official portal at www.visas.immigration.go.ug. Required documents include a valid passport (6 months validity), job offer letter, company registration documents, educational certificates, and professional qualifications. The application must be submitted by the sponsoring employer.

Employment Indicators

Sources: African Development Bank, World Bank Uganda Economic Update

Kampala hosts several reputable universities offering undergraduate and postgraduate programs across diverse fields. The city's higher education institutions provide quality education with international recognition, making it an attractive destination for international students.

Makerere University

Makerere University, established in 1922, stands as Uganda's oldest and most prestigious institution of higher learning. Located on Makerere Hill about 5 kilometers north of the city center, the university serves approximately 36,000 undergraduate and 4,000 postgraduate students. Ranked 901st globally in QS World University Rankings 2025, Makerere comprises nine colleges and one school offering programs in sciences, humanities, engineering, business, medicine, agriculture, and more. The university follows a semester-based academic calendar with tuition fees varying by program and student nationality. For international students, fees typically range from $500 to $2,500 per semester depending on the program, with medicine and engineering programs at the higher end. Applications are submitted through the university's online portal at www.mak.ac.ug.

Other Notable Universities

Kampala hosts several other institutions including Uganda Christian University, Kyambogo University, Kampala International University, and Makerere University Business School (MUBS). These universities offer diverse programs and cater to both local and international students, with fees generally more affordable than many Western institutions.

Admission Requirements

International students typically need to provide certified copies of previous academic qualifications, a valid passport, proof of English proficiency (for non-native speakers), completed application forms, and passport-sized photographs. Some programs may require entrance examinations or interviews. Student permits can be obtained through Uganda's immigration services, and universities often assist international students with visa processing.

Sources: Makerere University Official Website, UniPage University Database

Families relocating to Kampala will find a diverse range of educational options for their children, from local Ugandan schools to international institutions following British, American, and international curricula.

International Schools

Kampala hosts approximately 27 international schools, predominantly following the British curriculum, though American, French, and International Baccalaureate (IB) programs are also available. Notable institutions include International School of Uganda (ISU) in Lubowa, which offers IB programs for students aged 2 to 18, with annual tuition ranging from $22,400 to $54,650. Kampala International School Uganda (KISU) on Kyebando-Kisalosalo Road in Bukoto serves approximately 400 students from 46 nationalities, following the British National Curriculum with IB options. First-year enrollment costs approximately $18,400 including registration fees. Kampala Diplomatic International School in Ntinda offers programs from Early Years through A-Levels, with tuition ranging from $3,053 to $5,422 annually depending on the level. Most international schools feature small class sizes (around 20 students), experienced native English-speaking teachers, and excellent facilities including sports complexes, science laboratories, and arts centers.

Local and Bilingual Schools

Uganda's national education system follows a structure of seven years of primary education, four years of lower secondary, and two years of upper secondary (A-Levels). Several reputable local schools offer quality education at more affordable rates, with some providing bilingual or international programs. School fees in local institutions range from $500 to $3,000 annually.

Enrollment Process

Parents should contact schools directly to arrange campus visits and discuss admission requirements. Most international schools accept applications year-round if spaces are available, though it's advisable to apply several months in advance. Required documents typically include previous school reports, passport copies, birth certificates, immunization records, and completed application forms. Many schools charge non-refundable application and registration fees.

Sources: International Schools Database, KISU Official Website, ISU Official Website

Kampala's housing market offers diverse options ranging from budget-friendly accommodations in emerging neighborhoods to luxury properties in prime areas. Understanding the city's geography and rental landscape helps newcomers make informed decisions.

Popular Expat Neighborhoods

Kololo and Nakasero represent Kampala's most prestigious areas, hosting embassies, diplomatic residences, and high-end properties. These neighborhoods offer excellent security, proximity to international schools, and easy access to city amenities, with rental prices for 2-bedroom apartments ranging from $1,500 to $2,500 monthly. Ntinda, Muyenga, and Bugolobi are popular semi-prime areas providing good infrastructure, shopping centers, restaurants, and a mix of residential options. One-bedroom apartments in these areas typically cost $600 to $1,200 monthly, while 3-bedroom units range from $1,000 to $2,000. Kyanja, Kulambiro, and Kansanga offer more affordable housing suitable for middle-income professionals and families, with 2-bedroom apartments available from $400 to $800 monthly. These emerging neighborhoods provide good value while maintaining reasonable access to city amenities.

Housing Types and Rental Process

Accommodation options include standalone houses with compounds, apartments in gated communities, serviced apartments with amenities included, and shared houses for budget-conscious renters. Most landlords require advance payment of 3 to 6 months' rent plus a security deposit equivalent to one month's rent. Rental agreements should clearly specify terms, maintenance responsibilities, and included utilities. It's advisable to work with reputable real estate agents or platforms, inspect properties thoroughly before committing, verify ownership documentation, and understand what utilities and services are included in the rent.

Average Monthly Rent

Sources: The Africanvestor Property Reports, Private Property Uganda

Kampala offers a rich tapestry of cultural experiences, historical sites, and leisure activities that showcase Uganda's heritage and contemporary urban life.

Cultural & Historical Attractions

The Uganda Museum, established in 1908 as East Africa's oldest museum, houses extensive collections of ethnological and natural history exhibits, traditional musical instruments (which visitors can play), and artifacts spanning Uganda's history. Entry costs approximately $4. The Kasubi Tombs, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, serves as the burial ground for four Buganda kings and represents outstanding traditional architecture constructed entirely from organic materials. The Gaddafi National Mosque on Kampala Hill offers stunning panoramic views of the city from its minaret, standing as East Africa's largest mosque. Rubaga Cathedral and Namirembe Cathedral, both built in the 1920s on prominent hills, showcase neo-Gothic architecture and important religious history. The Uganda Martyrs Shrine at Namugongo commemorates 22 Ugandan Christians martyred in 1886, attracting thousands of pilgrims annually, especially on June 3rd.

Art, Entertainment & Dining

The Ndere Cultural Centre offers vibrant performances of traditional Ugandan music, dance, and storytelling, along with workshops in traditional crafts. Several art galleries including Nommo Gallery, Afriart Gallery, and Gallery Antique showcase contemporary and traditional African art. Kampala's nightlife centers around neighborhoods like Kabalagala, Kololo, and Bukoto, featuring numerous restaurants, bars, and nightclubs. The city hosts various cultural festivals throughout the year, including music festivals and the annual cultural heritage celebration at the Uganda Museum. Food enthusiasts can explore diverse cuisines from traditional Ugandan dishes at local spots to international dining at upscale restaurants. Nakasero Market and Owino Market offer authentic local experiences where visitors can sample street food favorites like rolex and muchomo (grilled meat).

Outdoor & Recreational Activities

The shores of Lake Victoria provide opportunities for fishing, boat cruises, swimming, and relaxation at beach resorts. The Uganda Wildlife Education Centre (zoo) in Entebbe, just 40 kilometers away, offers close encounters with indigenous wildlife. Day trips to Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary on Lake Victoria allow visitors to observe rescued chimpanzees in a protected environment. For those seeking nature within the city, the Baha'i Temple sits in serene gardens on Kikaya Hill, offering peaceful reflection and beautiful architecture.

Sources: TripAdvisor Kampala, Travel Tom Tom

Daily life in Kampala reflects a blend of African traditions and urban modernity, with a warm, social culture and practical considerations for getting around the bustling city.

Transportation Options

Kampala's transportation system relies primarily on three modes: matatus (14-seater minibus taxis) serve as the backbone of public transport, operating from taxi parks and following fixed routes. Fares range from $0.50 to $1.50 depending on distance, though journeys can be slow during peak hours due to traffic congestion. Boda-bodas (motorcycle taxis) offer the fastest way to navigate through traffic, with rides starting from $0.30 for short distances up to $3 to $5 for longer trips. While convenient, riders should always wear helmets and negotiate fares before starting. Ride-hailing services including Uber, Bolt, and SafeBoda provide safer, more predictable options with app-based booking and fixed pricing. Private car hire with drivers is also popular among expatriates. Traffic congestion is significant during morning (7:00 to 9:00 AM) and evening (5:00 to 8:00 PM) rush hours, so planning travel outside these times is advisable.

Lifestyle and Cultural Particularities

Ugandans are known for their friendliness and hospitality, creating a welcoming environment for newcomers. Social life centers around community gatherings, church activities, and family events. The city offers diverse dining options from traditional Ugandan cuisine (including matoke - steamed banana, rolex - rolled chapati with eggs, and various meat stews) to international restaurants. Shopping ranges from modern malls like Garden City, Acacia Mall, and Oasis Mall to vibrant local markets such as Nakasero Market and Owino Market. The city maintains a tropical climate with two rainy seasons (March-May and September-November) and warm temperatures year-round. While Kampala is generally safe, standard urban precautions apply - avoid displaying valuables, be cautious after dark, and stay alert in crowded areas. Healthcare facilities include private clinics and hospitals offering good quality care, though comprehensive health insurance is recommended.

Sources: East African Trails, Urban Mobility Research

Kampala offers a relatively affordable cost of living compared to other major African capitals and Western cities, though prices vary significantly depending on lifestyle choices and neighborhood.

Monthly Budget for a Single Person

Monthly Budget for a Family of Four

Sources: Numbeo Cost of Living Database, Living Cost Index