Living in Alexandria: the ultimate expat guide

Alexandria's diverse economy offers employment opportunities across multiple sectors, with particular strength in maritime industries, manufacturing, information technology, and tourism. The city serves as Egypt's economic gateway to the Mediterranean, hosting numerous multinational corporations, industrial facilities, and logistics companies. Foreign professionals are particularly sought after in specialized and senior positions where local expertise may be limited.

Key Employment Sectors

The logistics and shipping sector dominates Alexandria's employment landscape, with the ports of Alexandria and Al-Dukhaylah handling over half of Egypt's foreign trade. Major companies in maritime services, freight forwarding, and port operations regularly recruit international talent. The manufacturing sector, especially cement production and textile industries, employs thousands and offers opportunities for engineers and management professionals. The technology sector is experiencing rapid growth, with Cairo and Alexandria emerging as tech hubs attracting software developers, AI specialists, and cybersecurity experts. Companies like Commercial International Bank and Fawry lead the fintech revolution, while international tech firms are establishing regional offices in the city.

The tourism and hospitality sector remains vital to Alexandria's economy, with hotels, restaurants, and cultural institutions seeking multilingual staff and experienced managers. Education is another significant employer, with numerous international schools and Alexandria University requiring qualified teachers and administrative professionals.

Work Permits and Employment Regulations

Foreign nationals must obtain both a work permit and an employment visa to work legally in Egypt. The process typically takes two to three months and requires employer sponsorship. Egyptian labor law enforces strict quotas limiting non-Egyptian workers to a maximum of 10% of a company's total staff and 20% of payroll costs. Employers must demonstrate that no qualified Egyptian candidate is available for the position.

The application process involves submitting academic degrees, professional certificates, health screening results including HIV testing, and obtaining security clearance from Egypt's National Security Agency. Work permits are often location-specific, and employees may need approval for job changes or relocations within Egypt. Most established companies handle the work permit process for their foreign employees, including all necessary documentation and liaison with the Ministry of Manpower and Immigration.

The table below presents key employment indicators for Alexandria:

Sources: CAPMAS, Trading Economics, EARLY Average Salary Database

Alexandria hosts several prestigious higher education institutions, with Alexandria University standing as the second-oldest modern university in Egypt and a leading academic center in the Middle East. Founded in 1942, the university offers comprehensive programs across 24 faculties and institutes, serving over 188,000 students including approximately 7,500 international students.

Alexandria University: Programs and Admission

Alexandria University provides undergraduate and postgraduate programs across diverse fields including medicine, engineering, science, commerce, law, arts, and tourism. The university is ranked between 801-850 globally in the QS World University Rankings 2025 and 397th according to U.S. News & World Report's Best Global Universities. Many programs, particularly in medicine, engineering, pharmacy, and science, are taught in English, making them accessible to international students.

Tuition fees for international students are notably affordable compared to Western institutions. Most undergraduate programs cost USD 3,500 annually, while engineering programs require USD 5,500, and medical programs cost USD 8,500 per year. Postgraduate programs range from USD 4,500 to USD 8,500 annually depending on the field of study. These fees represent a fraction of what similar programs cost at universities in Europe, North America, or Australia, where annual tuition can exceed USD 25,000 to USD 40,000.

Application Process and Requirements

International students must apply through Alexandria University's International Students Office or the Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau. Required documents include a completed application form, certified copies of secondary school certificates translated into English or Arabic, passport copy, medical certificate including HIV test results, passport-size photographs, and proof of English proficiency (TOEFL or IELTS scores) for English-taught programs. Non-Egyptian certificates must be approved by the Egyptian Ministry of Education to ensure equivalency with Egyptian standards.

The university maintains partnerships with institutions worldwide, including universities in the United States, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, offering opportunities for academic exchange and dual-degree programs. The institution is a member of the Union of Arab Universities and the Mediterranean Universities Union. In 2021, Alexandria University established Alexandria National University, a program-based institution offering additional undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on innovation and international standards.

For more information: Alexandria University Official Website, Alexandria National University

Alexandria offers diverse educational options for expatriate families, including international schools following American, British, French, German, and International Baccalaureate curricula. These institutions provide high-quality education in English and other languages, ensuring smooth academic transitions for children of expatriates.

International Schools in Alexandria

Schutz American School, founded in 1924, is one of the oldest American schools in the region. Located in Smouha, it offers an American curriculum from early childhood (age 3) through grade 12 and is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. The school emphasizes inquiry-based education and serves students of all nationalities with modern facilities including science labs, sports areas, and technology resources.

The British School of Alexandria provides education from Foundation Stage through A-Levels following the British curriculum. The school is accredited by the Council of International Schools and offers small class sizes for personalized attention. It features comprehensive facilities and a strong sense of community, making it popular among British and international families.

Alexandria International Academy offers the International Baccalaureate (IB) program from Pre-K to Grade 12. The multicultural environment encourages personal and academic achievement, with facilities including science labs, art studios, and sports fields. The school emphasizes developing inquiring, knowledgeable, and caring young people prepared for global citizenship.

Lycée Français d'Alexandrie follows the French National Education curriculum from preschool to the baccalaureate level. Part of the AEFE network of French schools abroad, it provides multilingual education with emphasis on cultural diversity. The school offers science labs, computer rooms, and a theater, along with extensive extracurricular activities.

International British School of Alexandria (IBSA) and International American School (IAS) are additional options providing British and American curricula respectively. The Deutsche Schule der Borromäerinnen Alexandria offers German-based education leading to the German International Abitur.

Fees and Enrollment

Annual tuition fees at international schools typically range from EGP 70,000 to EGP 120,000 (approximately USD 1,400 to USD 2,400) for primary education, though some premium institutions may charge higher rates. Preschool and kindergarten fees average around EGP 4,175 per month (approximately USD 83) for private facilities. Admission processes generally require previous school records, entrance assessments, and interviews. Due to high demand, parents are advised to apply well in advance to secure placement.

Sources: Schutz American School, IBSA, Lycée Français d'Alexandrie

Alexandria's housing market offers diverse options from modern apartments with sea views to traditional properties in historic neighborhoods. Rental costs are considerably lower than in other Mediterranean cities, making Alexandria an affordable choice for expatriates seeking quality accommodation.

Popular Expatriate Neighborhoods

Smouha stands out as the premier area for expatriates and young professionals, offering modern amenities, proximity to business districts, and international schools. The neighborhood features contemporary apartment complexes, shopping centers, restaurants, and easy access to transportation. San Stefano is renowned for its upscale properties, sea views, and the iconic Four Seasons Hotel. The area attracts affluent families and offers a sophisticated lifestyle with high-end dining, shopping, and entertainment options.

Montaza provides a family-friendly environment near Montaza Palace and its beautiful gardens. The neighborhood offers a mix of apartments and villas, many with Mediterranean views, making it popular among expatriate families seeking tranquility while remaining close to city amenities. Gleem and Kafr Abdo are established neighborhoods offering good value with traditional Egyptian character, convenient access to the corniche, and a range of housing options from budget-friendly to mid-range apartments.

Sidi Gaber, located near Alexandria Sporting Club and the main train station, offers convenient transportation links and a variety of apartments suitable for professionals and families. The area provides good access to schools, healthcare facilities, and commercial centers.

Rental Costs and Property Types

According to the latest data, rental prices in Alexandria remain very affordable. A one-bedroom apartment in the city center costs approximately EGP 5,909 per month (around USD 118), while outside the center prices drop to around EGP 3,375 monthly (approximately USD 67). For families, a three-bedroom apartment in the city center averages EGP 14,111 per month (about USD 281), with prices decreasing to approximately EGP 7,045 monthly (around USD 140) in outlying areas.

Most expatriates opt for furnished apartments, particularly popular among business professionals and those on temporary assignments. Unfurnished properties are available for long-term residents who prefer to personalize their living spaces. When searching for property, expatriates should work with reputable real estate agents, verify the legitimacy of rental agreements, and secure clear financial arrangements before signing contracts. Key online platforms include Property Finder Egypt, OLX Egypt, and specialized expatriate forums.

Source: Numbeo (November 2025)

Alexandria's rich cultural heritage and Mediterranean setting provide abundant opportunities for leisure and entertainment. The city seamlessly blends ancient history with contemporary attractions, offering experiences for history enthusiasts, beach lovers, arts aficionados, and families alike.

Cultural Attractions and Museums

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, inaugurated in 2002, stands as Alexandria's premier cultural landmark. This stunning modern library, designed to evoke a rising sun, houses millions of books, four museums, art galleries, a planetarium, and a science center. The complex regularly hosts international exhibitions, concerts, lectures, and cultural events. The Antiquities Museum within the Bibliotheca displays carefully curated artifacts spanning Pharaonic, Greco-Roman, Coptic, and Islamic periods, with special focus on Alexandria's Hellenistic heritage.

The Alexandria National Museum occupies a beautifully restored Italianate palace and presents over 1,800 artifacts chronicling Egypt's history from Pharaonic times through the Greco-Roman period to the modern era. The Royal Jewelry Museum, housed in Princess Fatema El Zahraa's former palace, showcases the opulent jewelry and personal effects of Egypt's Muhammad Ali dynasty, offering insight into royal lifestyle and craftsmanship.

The Graeco-Roman Museum, established in 1892, features an extensive collection of Greco-Roman artifacts unique to Alexandria. The Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa, dating to the 2nd century AD, represent the largest Roman burial site in Egypt, combining Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architectural elements in a fascinating underground necropolis.

Historic Landmarks

The Citadel of Qaitbay, built in 1477 on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World), offers spectacular Mediterranean views and well-preserved military architecture. Pompey's Pillar, a 25-meter granite column erected in 297 AD, stands as Alexandria's tallest ancient monument. The Roman Amphitheatre in the Kom el Dikka archaeological site reveals Alexandria's entertainment venues from antiquity, complete with marble seating and mosaic floors.

Beaches and Outdoor Activities

Alexandria's 32-kilometer corniche provides a scenic promenade perfect for walking, jogging, or cycling while enjoying sea breezes. Popular beaches include Maamoura Beach, Montaza Beach near Montaza Palace Gardens, and Stanley Beach near the iconic Stanley Bridge. Montaza Palace Gardens spans 150 hectares of landscaped grounds with palm groves, flower beds, and coastal paths, ideal for family picnics and leisurely afternoons.

Dining and Nightlife

Alexandria's seafood restaurants are legendary, with the Anfushi Fish Market area offering fresh catches prepared in traditional Egyptian style. The city's café culture thrives along the corniche and in neighborhoods like Downtown and San Stefano, where establishments serve Egyptian coffee, shisha, and international beverages. Evening entertainment includes theaters, cinemas showing international releases for approximately EGP 140 (USD 3) per ticket, and cultural performances at the Alexandria Opera House. In 2025, Alexandria has been designated a Mediterranean Capital of Culture alongside Tirana, bringing expanded cultural programming including performances, exhibitions, and festivals throughout the final months of the year.

Daily life in Alexandria combines Mediterranean coastal charm with Egyptian cultural traditions, offering expatriates a unique lifestyle experience. The city operates at a more relaxed pace than Cairo, with beach culture and coffee shop socializing playing central roles in community life.

Transportation Options

Alexandria's public transportation network is undergoing significant modernization. The iconic tram system, one of the oldest in Africa dating back to 1863, operates two networks: the Raml line (blue and cream livery) and the Al Madina line (yellow). Trams run approximately from 4:00 AM to 1:00 AM daily, with frequencies of 5-10 minutes during peak hours. Single fares start at EGP 8.25 (approximately USD 0.16). Major modernization projects are underway, including the rehabilitation of the 13.8-kilometer Raml line with new digital systems and increased capacity from 4,700 to 13,800 passengers per hour.

The Abu Qir metro project, expected to be completed in phases through 2026, will electrify and convert the 22-kilometer railway between Misr station and Abu Qir into an 80 km/h metro with 18 stations. This will reduce journey times from 50 minutes to 25 minutes and significantly improve connectivity across the city. Public buses serve various routes throughout Alexandria, though schedules can be challenging to find for newcomers. Bus fares are extremely affordable at around EGP 8-15 per journey.

Taxis and ride-hailing services (Uber and local apps) are widely available and affordable. Taxi fares start at EGP 30 with typical cross-city trips costing EGP 40-50 (approximately USD 1). Microbuses (12-seater minivans) run along the corniche and major routes for just EGP 1, offering an authentic local experience. For longer trips, Alexandria is connected to Cairo by a modern desert highway (200 kilometers, 3-4 hours by car) and regular train services.

Lifestyle and Cultural Considerations

The Mediterranean climate influences daily routines, with summers prompting later working hours and evening social activities when temperatures cool. The corniche, stretching 32 kilometers along the coast, serves as the city's social center where families stroll, couples meet at cafés, and vendors sell street food. Egyptian hospitality is warm and genuine, though expatriates should be prepared for more conservative social norms than in Western countries. Women should dress modestly, especially outside tourist areas and when visiting religious sites. Arabic is the primary language, though English is increasingly common in business districts and tourist areas. Learning basic Arabic phrases enhances daily interactions and demonstrates respect for local culture. The Egyptian pound is the official currency, and while major establishments accept credit cards, cash remains essential for small purchases, markets, and transportation.

Alexandria offers one of the most affordable costs of living among Mediterranean cities, allowing expatriates to maintain a comfortable lifestyle at a fraction of prices found in Europe, North America, or other major Middle Eastern cities. The city consistently ranks among the least expensive cities globally while providing good quality amenities and services.

Monthly Budget for a Single Person

Based on November 2025 data, a single person can live comfortably in Alexandria with monthly expenses ranging from USD 700 to USD 1,200, depending on lifestyle choices and accommodation preferences. This budget covers housing, utilities, food, transportation, and entertainment. Expatriates with local employment typically find this cost of living very manageable, while those earning foreign salaries enjoy exceptional purchasing power.

Monthly Budget for a Family of Four

A family of four requires approximately USD 1,800 to USD 2,500 monthly for comfortable living, including a larger apartment, international school fees, and family activities. Housing and education represent the largest expenses for families.

Note: Exchange rate used: 1 USD = 50.3 EGP (November 2025 average)

Sources: Numbeo Alexandria, local market data