Living in Naples: the ultimate expat guide

The Neapolitan economy is evolving, with traditional sectors like tourism, shipping, and food production being joined by growing digital and innovation industries. While the Campania region faces higher unemployment than northern Italy, Naples serves as a major commercial hub for Southern Europe, with its port ranking among the Mediterranean's busiest cargo terminals.

Key Employment Sectors

The job market in Naples is driven by several core industries. Tourism and hospitality employ a significant portion of the workforce, with the city welcoming millions of visitors annually. The maritime and logistics sector centers on the Port of Naples, one of Italy's largest. Healthcare and pharmaceuticals provide stable employment through major hospitals and research institutions. The aerospace and technology industries are expanding, with companies in the Centro Direzionale business district. Additionally, food processing – including pasta production in Gragnano and tomato canning – remains a regional specialty.

Work Permits and Employment Data

EU/EEA citizens can work freely in Naples without permits. Non-EU nationals require a work visa (Visto per Lavoro) and a residence permit (Permesso di Soggiorno), typically sponsored by an Italian employer. The table below shows key employment indicators:

Sources: EURES, Trading Economics, Statista/JobPricing

Naples hosts some of Italy's most prestigious academic institutions, including the University of Naples Federico II, founded in 1224 and recognized as the world's oldest state-funded university. The city offers excellent opportunities for international students, with growing numbers of English-taught programs and competitive tuition fees compared to other European destinations.

Major Universities

The University of Naples Federico II (UNINA) is the largest institution, ranking in the top 350 globally (QS World Rankings 2025). It enrolls approximately 78,000 students across 13 teaching areas including engineering, medicine, law, economics, and humanities. The university offers numerous international degree programs taught in English, spanning fields like Data Science, Economics and Finance, International Relations, and Medical Biotechnology. Other notable institutions include the Università degli Studi di Napoli L'Orientale (specializing in languages and Eastern studies), Università Parthenope (focusing on economics and maritime studies), and the Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli.

Tuition Fees and Admissions

Italian public universities offer some of Europe's most affordable tuition. At Federico II, annual fees range from approximately EUR 150 to EUR 1,600, calculated based on family income (ISEE certification). International students may qualify for the "Study in Naples" scholarship program, offering grants of approximately EUR 11,060 over two years for eligible master's students. Non-EU students must complete pre-enrollment through the Universitaly portal and apply for a student visa at their local Italian consulate.

Sources: University of Naples Federico II International Office, QS World University Rankings

Italy has become an increasingly popular retirement destination, and Naples offers retirees an attractive combination of affordable living, excellent healthcare, rich culture, and year-round mild climate. The Italian government provides specific visa pathways and tax incentives for foreign retirees.

The Elective Residence Visa

Non-EU retirees can relocate to Italy through the Elective Residence Visa (Residenza Elettiva), designed for financially independent individuals who will not work in Italy. Key requirements include:

1. Minimum annual passive income: EUR 31,000 for individuals; EUR 38,000 for couples (plus 20% per dependent)
2. Proof of accommodation: Long-term rental contract or property ownership (Airbnb/short-term rentals not accepted)
3. Private health insurance: Minimum EUR 30,000 coverage for the Schengen area
4. Clean criminal record and valid passport

The visa is initially granted for one year and can be renewed annually. After five years, holders may apply for permanent residency; after ten years, for Italian citizenship.

Tax Benefits for Retirees

Italy offers a 7% flat tax on foreign pension income for retirees who establish residence in qualifying Southern Italian municipalities with populations under 20,000. This regime is valid for 10 years. While Naples city itself doesn't qualify, numerous charming towns in the Campania region do, allowing retirees to enjoy proximity to Naples while benefiting from favorable tax treatment.

Healthcare

After registering as a resident, Elective Residence Visa holders can enroll in Italy's National Health Service (SSN) by paying an annual contribution (minimum EUR 2,000). The Campania region has several major hospitals, including Ospedale Cardarelli and Policlinico Federico II.

Sources: VisaGuide.World, Global Citizen Solutions

Families relocating to Naples will find a range of schooling options, from Italian public schools to private international institutions following British, American, or French curricula. The Italian education system is compulsory from ages 6 to 16, divided into primary school (scuola primaria), lower secondary (scuola secondaria di primo grado), and upper secondary (scuola secondaria di secondo grado).

International Schools in Naples

Several international schools serve the expatriate community in the Naples area:

1. The International School of Naples (ISN) – The only dual-accredited school (NEASC and CIS) in the Campania region, offering an American college-preparatory curriculum for ages 3-18. Tuition ranges from EUR 3,834 to EUR 8,262 annually.
2. Anglo-Italian School – Located at NATO JFC Headquarters in Bagnoli, serving primarily the NATO community with English-medium instruction following international and American curricula (ages 3-16).
3. École Française de Naples Alexandre-Dumas – A French school accredited by AEFE, offering the French national curriculum for ages 3-15. Tuition: EUR 6,637 to EUR 7,512 per year.
4. TAIS Naples – An American-curriculum school offering English-medium education for diverse nationalities.

Enrollment and Requirements

International school enrollment typically requires academic transcripts, immunization records, and proof of residency. Most schools accept applications year-round on a space-available basis. For Italian public schools, registration occurs through the Ministry of Education's online portal, usually in January for the following academic year.

Sources: International School of Naples, International Schools Database

Naples offers diverse housing options, from historic apartments in the centro storico to modern residences in hillside neighborhoods. Rental prices are considerably lower than Rome or Milan, making the city attractive for those seeking Mediterranean living on a moderate budget.

Popular Neighborhoods for Expatriates

Chiaia is the most upscale neighborhood, known for elegant shops, waterfront promenades, and proximity to Villa Comunale park. Vomero, situated on a hill accessible by funicular, offers a quieter residential atmosphere with excellent views of the bay. Posillipo is a prestigious coastal area with luxury villas and spectacular scenery. Centro Storico provides authentic Neapolitan living in the UNESCO-listed historic core. Fuorigrotta is popular with families due to its proximity to international schools and the NATO base.

Rental Prices (2024-2025)

The city-wide average rent is approximately EUR 14.63 per square meter per month. The table below shows typical monthly rents by area:

Rental contracts in Italy are typically 4+4 years (renewable) for unfurnished properties or 3+2 years for furnished rentals. A security deposit of 2-3 months' rent is standard.

Sources: Immobiliare.it, Statista

Naples is a city where culture is woven into daily life – from world-class museums to impromptu street performances. The city's UNESCO World Heritage historic center is itself an open-air museum spanning 27 centuries of continuous habitation.

Museums and Archaeological Sites

The National Archaeological Museum (MANN) houses one of the world's finest collections of Greek and Roman antiquities, including treasures from Pompeii and Herculaneum. The Museo di Capodimonte displays masterpieces by Caravaggio, Titian, and Raphael in a former royal hunting lodge. The Cappella Sansevero contains the remarkable "Veiled Christ" sculpture. Day trips to Pompeii (UNESCO World Heritage Site, 40 minutes by train) and Herculaneum offer unparalleled glimpses into ancient Roman life.

Parks, Beaches, and Nature

The Villa Comunale along the waterfront provides green space for jogging and relaxation. Posillipo offers scenic coastal walks and swimming spots. Mount Vesuvius National Park allows hiking to the crater rim. The islands of Capri, Ischia, and Procida are accessible by ferry (20-60 minutes) for beach excursions.

Entertainment and Nightlife

The Teatro San Carlo (founded 1737) is the world's oldest continuously operating opera house. The Piazza Bellini and Centro Storico areas offer lively bar scenes. Football matches at Stadio Diego Armando Maradona provide passionate local atmosphere. Annual events include the Maggio dei Monumenti (May cultural festival) and the Festa di San Gennaro (September patron saint celebration).

Sources: UNESCO, Italia.it

Life in Naples moves at its own rhythm – a blend of Mediterranean warmth, historic tradition, and urban energy. The city is best navigated on foot through its narrow alleys, while an expanding public transport network connects neighborhoods and surrounding attractions.

Public Transportation

Naples operates an integrated transport system managed by ANM (Azienda Napoletana Mobilità) and regional operators. Metro Line 1 is the main underground line, connecting Piscinola in the north to Garibaldi station (extended to Centro Direzionale in April 2025). Line 1 features internationally acclaimed "Art Stations" designed by contemporary artists – Toledo station was named Europe's most beautiful metro station. Metro Line 6 (opened July 2024) links the historic center to Fuorigrotta via the waterfront. The city also has four funicular railways connecting hillside neighborhoods like Vomero to the center.

Transport Fares

Tickets are valid across metro, buses, trams, and funiculars. A single journey costs EUR 1.30, a 90-minute integrated ticket is EUR 1.80, a daily pass is EUR 4.50, and a weekly pass is EUR 12.50-16.50. The Circumvesuviana train runs from Napoli Centrale to Pompeii (40 minutes) and Sorrento.

Lifestyle and Culture

Neapolitans typically follow the Italian rhythm: coffee at a bar in the morning, a substantial lunch (often the main meal), and late dinners starting around 8-9 PM. The passeggiata (evening stroll) along the waterfront Lungomare is a daily tradition. Street food is integral to local culture – pizza a portafoglio (folded pizza), sfogliatella pastries, and espresso at stand-up counters. Markets like Pignasecca offer fresh produce and authentic local experiences.

Sources: ANM Naples, Naples Metro

Naples offers one of the most affordable costs of living among major Italian cities. According to comparative data, maintaining the same standard of living costs approximately 25% less than Milan and 11% less than Rome. This makes it particularly attractive for retirees, remote workers, and families seeking European quality of life on a moderate budget.

Monthly Expenses: Single Person

The following table estimates monthly costs for a single person living in a mid-range neighborhood:

Monthly Expenses: Family of Four

Sources: Numbeo, Immobiliare.it