Living in Dar es Salaam: the ultimate expat guide

Dar Es Salaam serves as Tanzania's economic engine, hosting the headquarters of major corporations, international NGOs, and diplomatic missions. The job market offers opportunities across various sectors, though most expatriate positions require specialized skills not readily available locally.

Key Industries and Employment Sectors

The city's economy is driven by agriculture, mining, tourism, construction, and financial services. Gold exports alone account for approximately 35% of Tanzania's total exports. Major infrastructure projects, including the Standard Gauge Railway and Dar Es Salaam Port expansion, have created demand for engineers and project managers. International organizations such as the World Bank, UN agencies, and major NGOs maintain significant operations here, offering employment opportunities for development professionals.

Work Permits and Residence Requirements

Foreign nationals must obtain both a work permit from the Ministry of Labour and a residence permit from the Immigration Department. Three permit classes exist: Class A for investors (minimum investment of USD 300,000), Class B for skilled employees sponsored by Tanzanian companies, and Class C for researchers, volunteers, and students. Applications must be submitted before entering Tanzania, and processing typically takes 2–4 weeks.

The following table provides key employment indicators for Tanzania:

Sources: TanzaniaInvest, African Development Bank, Tanzania Immigration Department

Dar Es Salaam hosts Tanzania's leading universities and attracts students from across East Africa. Whether pursuing undergraduate studies, postgraduate research, or professional development, the city offers diverse academic options with growing international programs.

University of Dar Es Salaam (UDSM)

Established in 1961 as an affiliate of the University of London, UDSM is Tanzania's oldest and most prestigious public university. The institution operates across five campuses and ten faculties, covering fields from engineering and medicine to law and humanities. International students pay approximately USD 4,200–5,000 per academic year in tuition fees, plus registration and examination fees. The university maintains exchange programs with institutions worldwide and welcomes applications from qualified international candidates. Admission requirements include previous academic transcripts, English proficiency, and specific program prerequisites.

Other Higher Education Options

Additional institutions include Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (medicine and health sciences), Ardhi University (urban planning and real estate), and Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (private institution offering medical programs). Private universities such as St. Augustine University of Tanzania provide alternatives with English-taught programs. International students should verify degree recognition in their home country and confirm visa requirements through the Class C residence permit category for students.

Sources: University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Immigration Department

Dar Es Salaam offers a range of schooling options for expatriate families, from premium international schools following globally recognized curricula to local institutions. Most expat families choose international schools that provide continuity with education systems in their home countries.

International Schools

The International School of Tanganyika (IST), established in 1963, is the city's leading international school. Operating across two campuses, IST serves students from Pre-K through Grade 12 and follows the International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum. Annual tuition fees range from USD 16,700 for early childhood to USD 34,600 for Grades 11–12, plus a one-time building fee of USD 8,500 and annual capital fees. The school represents over 50 nationalities among its student body.

Other International Options

Braeburn Dar Es Salaam International School offers British curriculum education (National Curriculum of England, IGCSE, and A-Levels) for ages 2–18. Dar Es Salaam International Academy provides IB programs from kindergarten through secondary school. Haven of Peace Academy (HOPAC) is a Christian international school offering Cambridge IGCSE and A-Levels at more moderate fees (USD 5,000–8,000 annually). Aga Khan schools offer both Tanzanian national curriculum and international programs (IB/Cambridge) within the same institution.

Enrollment typically requires previous school records, passport copies, and completed application forms. Most schools have waiting lists, so early application is strongly recommended.

Sources: International School of Tanganyika, Braeburn Dar Es Salaam, U.S. Department of State

Finding the right accommodation is crucial for settling into Dar Es Salaam. The city offers diverse housing options, from modern apartments in secure compounds to standalone houses with gardens. Expat-friendly neighborhoods cluster along the Msasani Peninsula and northern coastal areas.

Popular Expat Neighborhoods

Masaki and Oyster Bay (Oysterbay) are premium neighborhoods favored by diplomats and senior executives. These areas offer proximity to embassies, international schools, upscale restaurants, and shopping centers like The Slipway and Sea Cliff Village. Msasani provides similar amenities with a mix of apartments and houses. Mikocheni offers a balance of affordability and accessibility, with good road connections and growing commercial facilities. Mbezi Beach attracts families seeking larger properties and beach access at slightly lower prices than central locations.

Rental Prices and Procedures

Rental costs vary significantly by location and property type. Expect to pay in USD for most expat-standard properties. Lease agreements typically require 3–12 months' rent upfront, and utilities (electricity, water) can add USD 200–400 monthly for air-conditioned properties.

Sources: Numbeo, local property listings (Hata.co.tz, Jiji.co.tz)

Dar Es Salaam offers a rich tapestry of cultural experiences, outdoor activities, and social opportunities. From pristine beaches and island escapes to museums and bustling markets, the city caters to diverse interests.

Beaches and Islands

Coco Beach (Oyster Bay) is the city's most popular beach, coming alive on weekends with music, food vendors, and families. For pristine sand and snorkeling, take a boat trip to Bongoyo Island or Mbudya Island, both part of the Dar Es Salaam Marine Reserve. These uninhabited islands offer crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and fresh seafood at beachside restaurants. Boats depart from The Slipway and White Sands Resort, with the journey taking approximately 30 minutes.

Culture and Museums

The National Museum and House of Culture showcases Tanzania's history, including fossils from the famous Olduvai Gorge archaeological site and exhibits on the slave trade and colonial period. The Village Museum (Makumbusho) is an open-air museum displaying traditional dwellings and crafts from Tanzania's 120+ ethnic groups, with live cultural performances. Architecture enthusiasts will appreciate the mix of German colonial buildings, Arab influences, and modern skyscrapers in the city center.

Shopping and Nightlife

Kariakoo Market is East Africa's largest open-air market, offering everything from fresh produce to fabrics and crafts. Upscale shopping is available at The Slipway, Sea Cliff Village, and Mlimani City Mall. The city's nightlife centers around Masaki and Oyster Bay, with restaurants, bars, and clubs featuring live music, including Tanzania's popular Bongo Flava hip-hop scene. Kunduchi Wet 'n' Wild waterpark offers family entertainment with over 39 slides and 9 pools.

Sources: TripAdvisor Dar Es Salaam, Asilia Africa

Adapting to daily life in Dar Es Salaam requires understanding local transportation, cultural norms, and practical considerations. The city operates at a relaxed pace, though traffic congestion can make commuting a challenge during peak hours.

Getting Around the City

The Dar Rapid Transit (DART) bus system is the city's modern public transport backbone. Phase I covers 21 km from Kimara to Kivukoni, carrying over 200,000 passengers daily. Phase II (Gerezani to Mbagala) opened in late 2025. Fares are approximately TZS 750 (under USD 0.30) per trip, payable via smart card or mobile app. Traditional dala-dala minibuses remain ubiquitous but can be crowded and uncomfortable. Most expats rely on private vehicles or ride-hailing services. Taxis and apps like Uber and local alternatives provide door-to-door transport. Traffic congestion is severe during rush hours (7–9 AM and 4–7 PM), and journeys that take 20 minutes at off-peak times may stretch to over an hour.

Cultural Considerations

Tanzania's official languages are Swahili and English, with English widely spoken in business and expat-oriented establishments. The population is diverse, including African Tanzanians, Arab communities, South Asian communities, and Europeans. Respect for elders and greetings are important cultural practices. Dar Es Salaam has a mix of Muslim and Christian communities, and modest dress is appreciated in non-beach settings. The city offers a lively social scene with restaurants, bars, and cultural events, particularly around Masaki, Oyster Bay, and The Slipway areas.

Sources: DART Agency, Wikipedia – Dar Es Salaam BRT

Dar Es Salaam offers a relatively affordable cost of living compared to many Western cities, though maintaining a Western lifestyle with imported goods will increase expenses. Understanding typical costs helps in negotiating salary packages and planning your budget.

Monthly Budget for a Single Person

A single expatriate can live comfortably on approximately USD 1,500–2,500 per month, including rent. The table below breaks down typical monthly expenses:

Monthly Budget for a Family of Four

Families with children attending international schools should budget USD 6,000–10,000 or more per month:

Sources: Numbeo, Expatistan