Living in South Africa: the ultimate expat guide

To settle in South Africa, certain administrative procedures are mandatory depending on your nationality and the duration of your stay. French nationals can enter the country visa-free for a tourist or business visit of up to 90 days. However, any plans for expatriation require obtaining a residency permit suited to your situation.

The main permits include, for example, work visas, the Critical Skills permit (for certain in-demand skills), the business visa for setting up a business, the study visa, or even a permanent residency permit. Applications should be submitted to the Department of Home Affairs in South Africa or to the relevant South African consulate in your home country, depending on your situation. Processing times can vary from several weeks to several months based on the type of permit being applied for.

Once you have your permit in place, additional local requirements may apply, such as obtaining a tax identification number.

💡 Useful tips

1. Start your application process at least three to six months before your planned departure to account for processing times.
2. Prepare your official documents in English or accompanied by a certified translation (degree certificates, civil status documents, police clearance).
3. Regularly check entry and stay conditions on the website of the Department of Home Affairs, as regulations frequently change.
4. Always keep digital and hard copies of your important documents.
5. Contact the French Embassy in Pretoria or the French Consulate for personalized advice.

📍 To learn more

South Africa boasts the most developed and diverse economy on the African continent. However, the job market remains highly competitive. Active hiring is seen in sectors such as information technology, engineering, finance, tourism, renewable energy, and business services. English is predominantly used in the professional sphere, making it easier for English-speaking expatriates to integrate.

Starting a business in South Africa is relatively accessible, with simplified processes in place through the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission. The country promotes entrepreneurship and offers exciting opportunities, especially in innovative sectors. Digital nomads also find their place in major cities, which provide numerous coworking spaces and high-quality digital infrastructure.

In-demand profiles:

1. Specialized engineers (electricity, mechanical, civil, mining)
2. Computer developers, data scientists, and cybersecurity experts
3. Finance and accounting professionals
4. Qualified medical personnel (doctors, specialized nurses)
5. Renewable energy and environmental specialists

💡 Things to remember

1. A work permit is mandatory before starting any professional activity in the country.
2. Salaries vary significantly depending on the sector and experience, but remain attractive for qualified profiles.
3. Internships are available with a specific permit issued by the Department of Home Affairs.
4. Professional English is essential in most international companies.

🔍 Further resources

South Africa attracts a multitude of international students thanks to its widely recognized quality of higher education and relatively affordable tuition fees. The country boasts 26 public universities and several renowned private institutions. Among the most prestigious are the University of Cape Town, the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, the University of Pretoria, and Stellenbosch University, which are regularly ranked among the top universities in Africa and recognized internationally.

Why study in South Africa?

South African universities offer a wide range of programs taught in English across all fields, providing excellent value for money. Tuition fees for public universities for international students typically range from 90,000 to 200,000 ZAR per year (approximately 4,500 to 10,000 EUR depending on the exchange rate), depending on the discipline and institution, which often remains competitive compared to some European or North American universities. The country also provides a unique multicultural experience and the opportunity to explore the African continent while enjoying modern infrastructure. Student life here is vibrant, with numerous sports, cultural, and community activities.

💡 Our tips

1. Plan for your application as spots are limited and the admissions process can take several months
2. Check the equivalence of your qualifications with the South African Qualifications Authority before applying
3. Budget for significant housing expenses, as university accommodations are often overbooked, making shared housing the most common option
4. Apply for your study permit as soon as you receive your university acceptance letter to avoid delays

📍 Further resources

South Africa may not be the top choice for French retirees, who often prefer destinations that are closer to home or share a French-speaking population. However, this country boasts strong advantages for those considering spending their retirement here. The majority of foreign retirees settled in South Africa are former expats who worked there for several years and chose to make it their permanent home. Spending your retirement in the "rainbow nation" offers an appealing lifestyle with a cost of living significantly lower than that of many major Western cities, often 40 to 60% less than in France, depending on your spending habits.

3 major advantages

1. Mild and sunny climate year-round, perfect for outdoor activities, with a remarkable geographical diversity featuring oceans, mountains, vineyards, and national parks.
2. Overall cost of living is more affordable than in Europe, allowing you to maintain a good standard of living on a French pension. Cities like Johannesburg, Cape Town, and Durban remain some of the most accessible metropolitan areas for expats.
3. High-quality private healthcare is recognized internationally, with rates often lower than those in many developed countries.

🔔 Things to know

1. A specific retirement visa is available in South Africa, requiring proof of a minimum monthly income of approximately 37,000 ZAR (around €1,870) per person, derived from a pension or passive income. This visa is not intended for local employment; any paid work requires a specific permit from the Department of Home Affairs.
2. France and South Africa have signed a bilateral tax treaty aimed at avoiding double taxation on income, including pensions. Depending on your tax residency and the nature of your pension (public or private), tax may primarily be levied either in France or South Africa, with credit mechanisms in place to prevent double taxation.
3. For a comfortable standard of living in Johannesburg, it is advisable to budget around 25,000 ZAR (approximately €1,260) per month to cover housing, food, leisure, and transport for a single person.

Managing your budget effectively is crucial for a successful expatriation experience in South Africa. The country boasts a modern and stable banking system, overseen by the South African Reserve Bank. Major banks such as ABSA, Standard Bank, Nedbank, and First National Bank (FNB) offer efficient online services and widely accepted payment cards. Opening a local bank account is quickly becoming essential for expats.

💡 Our tips

1. Open a local bank account as soon as you settle in to simplify your daily payments. The usual documents required include: passport, proof of residence (recent local address), employment contract if applicable, and a copy of your residence permit.
2. France and South Africa have signed a tax treaty to avoid double taxation. Depending on your tax residency and the type of income (public, private, pension...), taxation might occur in France, South Africa, or be offset through a tax credit.
3. Carefully compare the banking offers, as fees can vary significantly from one bank to another. In South Africa, most common banking operations have individual charges, and accounts are not entirely free.
4. Be aware of payment and withdrawal limits, which may be set to relatively low levels by default (daily limit). However, you can adjust these limits in your local bank’s app to avoid blocks during larger purchases.
5. International transfers work well through the major banks, but fees and exchange rates can be high. Consider comparing them with alternative solutions (like Wise, Revolut...) to lower transfer costs.

📍 For further information

The South African health system features a well-established public sector and a high-quality private sector.

1. The public sector is accessible to all residents; however, the cost of services varies based on income, with waiting times often being long, especially for appointments with specialists or non-urgent procedures. For expatriates, access to public healthcare does not guarantee free services or automatic coverage, and admission conditions may differ based on residency status.
2. The private sector is favored by expats due to the quality of facilities, quick access to care, and high specialization levels among practitioners. However, costs are significantly higher: a visit to a general practitioner typically ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 ZAR (approximately 50 to 100 €), while a consultation with a specialist usually costs between 2,000 and 4,000 ZAR (around 100 to 200 €). A standard delivery in a private clinic can set you back around 25,000 to 40,000 ZAR (about 1,250 to 2,000 €) and may reach 50,000 to 80,000 ZAR (approximately 2,500 to 4,000 €) in cases of caesarean sections or complications. Most private facilities require payment up front, which is why having a health insurance plan that covers private services is essential.

💡 Here’s what to know

1. No vaccinations are mandatory for entry into South Africa, but it is recommended to be up to date on routine vaccines and to take precautions against hepatitis A and typhoid fever for extended stays.
2. The emergency number is 10 111; private ambulances are quicker but will incur charges.
3. French consulates provide lists of French-speaking doctors.
4. In the private sector, most services require a payment in advance; therefore, having suitable health insurance is vital.

📍 Further reading

In South Africa, education is mandatory for children aged 7 to 15. The school year starts in January and ends in November, structured into four terms. The education system emphasizes the holistic development of the child, placing significant value on sports, arts, and cultural activities.

Types of schools:

1. Public Schools: These are accessible to all residents. In popular urban areas, annual fees generally range from 25,000 to 36,000 ZAR (approximately 1,250 to 1,800 €), mainly for schools that are classified as fee-paying. Instruction is usually conducted in English or Afrikaans. The quality can vary significantly between institutions, and expatriates tend to have limited choices in major cities.
2. Local Private Schools: These offer better support and quality infrastructure. Annual fees typically average between 70,000 and 180,000 ZAR (around 3,500 to 9,000 €), depending on the school and educational level. Well-known schools include Bishops, SACS, and Rondebosch for boys, Herschel and St Cyprian’s for girls, as well as Camps Bay School and Reddam (mixed).
3. French Schools: There are two recognized institutions by the AEFE in South Africa: the Lycée Français Jules-Verne, located in Johannesburg with a branch in Pretoria, and the Lycée Français du Cap, based in Cape Town. Tuition fees average between 100,000 and 135,000 ZAR per year (approximately 5,000 to 6,700 €), depending on the educational level.
4. International Schools: Highly sought after by expatriates, these offer British, American, or IB curricula. Notable institutions include Deutsche Internationale Schule Kapstadt, International School of Cape Town, and American International School of Johannesburg. Fees can vary widely depending on the schools and programs.

💡 Practical tips

1. Registration should be done early: limited spots are available in private, international, and French schools.
2. Some private schools require pre-registration from early childhood.
3. Several institutions require an admission test or a minimum level of English.
4. Also, budget for uniforms, school transport, and extracurricular activities.

📍 Learn more

Finding accommodation in South Africa can be straightforward if you focus on the popular and safe neighborhoods favored by expatriates. In Johannesburg, a one-bedroom apartment in a high-end area like Sandton or Morningside typically costs around 8,000 to 14,000 ZAR/month (approximately £400 to £700). If you're looking for a three-bedroom apartment or a house in a secure estate, rents generally range between 25,000 and 45,000 ZAR/month (about £1,250 to £2,250). High-end villas in gated estates can exceed 60,000 ZAR/month (around £3,000). Renting is the preferred option upon arrival, with leases typically lasting for one year and requiring a two-month deposit. Keep in mind that utilities (water, electricity, security) are not always included.

Buying property is open to foreigners, with prices on average lower than those in most major French cities for comparable properties. Homes are often located in secure complexes, offering spacious and well-equipped living spaces, which can be appealing to expats looking to settle long-term. The most sought-after neighborhoods for expatriates include Sandton and Morningside in Johannesburg, and Sea Point and Camps Bay in Cape Town.

📍 To learn more

An international move to South Africa requires careful planning and a well-organized approach. From the transportation of your belongings, navigating customs regulations, to cultural adjustments, various factors must be prepared ahead of time to ensure a smooth transition.

1. Compare quotes from international moving companies and secure comprehensive insurance to protect your belongings during transport.
2. Prepare for customs procedures by compiling a detailed inventory of your personal effects: used goods are generally allowed tax-free, while new items, alcohol, and tobacco may be subject to import duties.
3. Gather your essential documents (diplomas, civil status certificates, marriage certificate, driving licence, employment contract) and have them translated into English by a certified translator if needed. Some documents may require an apostille.
4. Check the compatibility of your electronic devices: South Africa uses a voltage of 220–230 V / 50 Hz with type M plugs (three round pins). A universal adapter will be essential.
5. If you are traveling with a pet, the importation rules are strict (vaccinations, microchip, import permit...). Dogs must also undergo specific blood tests within 30 days before traveling. Cats are generally not subject to quarantine if all paperwork is in order, while dogs may be quarantined for 14 days, depending on their country of origin.

📍 Further reading

South Africa boasts a remarkable diversity of leisure activities suitable for everyone. Expats enjoy the balance between urban life and direct access to nature. The sports facilities are modern, and private clubs play a crucial role in the social life of many expatriate communities. Rugby, soccer, cricket, and golf are at the heart of the local sports culture. Outdoor activities are easily accessible and often affordable: hiking, surfing, kitesurfing, diving, horseback riding, or wildlife watching are part of daily life.

Must-see attractions

1. Safaris in the national parks, particularly in Kruger, offer a unique immersion experience to observe wildlife in their natural habitat.
2. The wineries in Stellenbosch, Franschhoek, and Paarl provide an opportunity to explore South Africa's exceptional wines through tastings.
3. Iconic hikes, such as those in the Drakensberg or the Cape Peninsula Trail, unveil stunning scenery between mountains and ocean.

📍 To learn more

Living in South Africa means embracing a lifestyle characterized by a love for the outdoors, a sense of community, and a vibrant social culture. Expats enjoy the sunny climate, the high quality of infrastructure, and the balance between professional hustle and leisure time. The country boasts a cosmopolitan and warm atmosphere, with locals often inviting newcomers to share a braai or a bottle of local wine.

Points to note

1. Safety is a concern in certain urban areas. This is why many expats prefer to live in gated communities or compounds.
2. Driving is essential here: public transport is limited, but the road network is well-maintained. The price of fuel is around 23 ZAR per liter (approximately 1.25 Euros).
3. Mobile networks and the internet are reliable in the major cities. Expect to pay between 290 and 1,000 ZAR (around 15 to 54 Euros) per month for a mobile package with 10 GB of data and between 300 and 1,500 ZAR per month (about 16 to 80 Euros) for a home internet subscription.
4. English is the primary language used for daily communication, which significantly eases the integration process.
5. The braai (South African barbecue) is a cultural tradition, often enjoyed on Sundays.
6. WhatsApp is the most popular app for personal and professional communication.

📍 Further reading

South Africa offers a cost of living that is generally lower than that of many Western countries. However, expenses can vary significantly depending on the city, neighborhood, and your chosen level of security. For a single person, monthly expenses typically range from 16,500 to 30,000 ZAR (approximately 850 to 1,500 €), while for a family of four, the range is between 60,000 and 110,000 ZAR (approximately 3,000 to 5,500 €).

Here are some estimated monthly benchmarks to give you a clearer idea of the cost of living in South Africa: