Living in Accra: the ultimate expat guide

Accra's job market has shown resilience despite global economic challenges. According to the World Bank's Economic Update for Ghana (August 2025), the country's economy demonstrated strong growth with expanding employment opportunities. Key industries include financial services, telecommunications, mining, oil and gas, agriculture processing, technology, and international development organizations. The city hosts headquarters for numerous multinational companies and serves as West Africa's regional hub for many international operations.

Key Employment Sectors

The financial sector remains robust, with major banks and fintech companies establishing operations in Accra. The technology sector is experiencing rapid growth, with startups and innovation hubs emerging across the city. International development organizations, including UN agencies, NGOs, and bilateral donors, maintain significant presence in Accra, creating opportunities for development professionals. The oil and gas industry, following discoveries offshore, has created specialized employment opportunities. Additionally, education, healthcare, hospitality, and retail sectors consistently seek qualified professionals.

Work Permits and Employment Requirements

Foreign nationals require a work permit to be legally employed in Ghana. The permit application process typically involves employer sponsorship, with the employer submitting applications to the Ghana Immigration Service. Work permits are categorized by duration and type of employment, with fees ranging from $200 to $500 annually depending on the category. Processing times generally take 2 to 4 weeks, though complex cases may require additional time. Certain professions require registration with Ghana's professional bodies, such as medical practitioners, lawyers, and engineers.

Employment Indicators

Sources: Ghana Labour Market Information System, World Bank Economic Update August 2025, Ghana Statistical Service

Accra hosts several prestigious universities and higher education institutions, with the University of Ghana being the country's oldest and most prominent. Founded in 1948 and located in Legon, just outside central Accra, the university consistently ranks as one of Africa's top institutions. International students from across the globe pursue undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in diverse fields including humanities, sciences, business, medicine, and engineering.

University of Ghana Programs

The University of Ghana offers comprehensive programs across its various colleges: College of Basic and Applied Sciences, College of Health Sciences, College of Humanities, College of Education, and the prestigious University of Ghana Business School. The university has established international partnerships with institutions worldwide and maintains high academic standards recognized globally. Programs are taught in English, with the academic year running from August to June, divided into two semesters.

Tuition Fees and Admission

For international students, undergraduate tuition at the University of Ghana ranges from $4,100 to $5,300 per year for African nationals, while non-African international students pay between $4,564 to $5,336 annually, depending on the program. Postgraduate programs cost between $4,700 and $7,800 per year. The application fee is $110 (non-refundable). Additional costs include accommodation ($800 to $1,300 per semester for on-campus residence), textbooks, and living expenses. Other notable institutions in Accra include Ghana Communication Technology University (GCTU), Ashesi University, and Central University.

Admission requirements typically include certified academic transcripts, English proficiency tests (TOEFL or IELTS for non-native speakers), letters of recommendation, and personal statements. Application deadlines generally fall between March and May for programs starting in August. The university maintains an International Programmes Office that assists foreign students with admissions, visas, and settling in.

Sources: University of Ghana Official Website, International Programmes Office

Accra offers excellent educational facilities for expatriate families, with numerous international schools providing curricula from various countries. These schools maintain high standards, employ qualified teachers (many from abroad), and offer modern facilities including science laboratories, sports fields, arts centers, and technology-equipped classrooms. Most international schools serve students from preschool through high school, preparing them for university entrance worldwide.

International School Systems

Schools in Accra follow different curricula including the International Baccalaureate (IB), British curriculum (IGCSE/A-Levels), American curriculum, and French Baccalauréat. The Lincoln Community School offers the IB program and serves students from preschool through grade 12, with a diverse student body from over 37 nations. Ghana International School, established in 1955, follows the Cambridge curriculum and is accredited by the Council of International Schools (CIS) and New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC). The American International School provides American-style education and recently received IB World School authorization.

Examples of International Schools

Lincoln Community School: Located in North Legon, this non-profit institution offers the full IB program. Annual tuition ranges from approximately $12,000 to $18,000 depending on grade level. Application fees are $200 per student.

Ghana International School: Situated in Cantonments, GIS offers Cambridge programs from early years through A-Levels. Fees vary by grade but generally range from $8,000 to $15,000 annually.

American International School: Based in East Legon, this school provides American curriculum with IB Diploma options for older students. Tuition ranges from $10,000 to $16,000 per year.

Lycée Français Jacques Prévert: For French-speaking families, this school in East Legon follows the French national curriculum with fees ranging from $7,000 to $13,000 annually.

Enrollment Process

Most schools require application submissions several months before the desired start date. Required documents typically include previous school records, birth certificates, passport copies, immunization records, and recommendation letters. Many schools conduct entrance assessments to determine appropriate placement. Spaces fill quickly, especially in popular grade levels, so early application is recommended.

Sources: Lincoln Community School, Ghana International School, American International School

Accra's real estate market offers diverse housing options across well-defined neighborhoods, each with distinct characteristics. The most sought-after areas combine security, proximity to international schools, quality infrastructure, and access to amenities. Housing types range from modern apartments and gated community townhouses to spacious standalone houses with private gardens. Most expatriates choose furnished or semi-furnished properties with amenities including backup power generators, water storage, air conditioning, and 24-hour security.

Popular Expatriate Neighborhoods

Airport Residential Area ranks as the most popular expatriate neighborhood, located just 5 minutes from Kotoka International Airport. This well-planned, secure area hosts embassies, corporate headquarters, upscale restaurants, and shopping centers. Many diplomats and business executives choose this location for its convenience and safety. Average rent for a 3-bedroom apartment ranges from $2,000 to $4,000 monthly, while 1-bedroom apartments cost $1,000 to $1,800.

Cantonments features tree-lined streets, proximity to embassies, and a quiet residential atmosphere. This prestigious neighborhood attracts diplomats and senior executives. Rent for 3-bedroom properties ranges from $2,500 to $5,000 monthly.

East Legon has become increasingly popular, offering modern developments, international schools, shopping malls, restaurants, and vibrant nightlife. The area suits families and young professionals. Three-bedroom homes rent for $1,500 to $3,000 monthly, while 1-bedroom apartments cost $800 to $1,500.

Labone, situated between Cantonments and Osu, provides a more affordable option while maintaining good access to amenities. This neighborhood features numerous restaurants, cafés, and bars. Rent ranges from $1,200 to $2,500 for 3-bedroom units and $600 to $1,200 for 1-bedroom apartments.

Rental Procedures and Considerations

Rental agreements typically require advance payment of 1 to 2 years, a practice common in Ghana that can be negotiated for shorter terms. Security deposits of 2 months' rent are standard. Properties are listed through real estate agencies, online platforms, and local networks. It's advisable to thoroughly inspect properties, verify ownership documents, and ensure all amenities function properly before signing contracts. Legal review of rental agreements is recommended.

Average Monthly Rent

Sources: Akka Kappa Real Estate, Numbeo, Local real estate agencies

Accra's cultural landscape offers diverse experiences combining historical significance, natural beauty, and contemporary entertainment. The city's Atlantic coastline, rich history, and thriving arts scene provide countless opportunities for exploration and enjoyment. From museums chronicling Ghana's journey to independence, to lively beaches and buzzing nightlife, residents and visitors find plenty to discover.

Cultural Sites and Museums

The National Museum of Ghana, opened on Independence Day in 1957, stands as the country's largest and oldest museum. Located on Barnes Road in central Accra, the museum showcases archaeological artifacts, ethnographic collections, and fine art spanning from the Stone Age to modern times. Exhibits include traditional Ashanti gold weights, ceremonial stools, textiles, and contemporary Ghanaian art. The museum's sculpture garden features statues of historical figures including Ghana's first president, Kwame Nkrumah. Opening hours are 9:00 AM to 4:30 PM daily, with admission around 20 GHS ($3).

Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park honors Ghana's independence leader and first president. This tranquil park features bronze statues, fountains, wandering peacocks, and a mausoleum at its center where Nkrumah is buried. The park includes a small museum detailing his life and Ghana's independence movement. Independence Square (Black Star Square), one of Africa's largest public squares, hosts national celebrations and can accommodate over 30,000 people. The imposing Independence Arch, crowned with Ghana's black star symbol, stands as a powerful monument to the nation's freedom.

Beaches and Coastal Activities

Labadi Beach (La Pleasure Beach) ranks as Accra's most popular beach, stretching along the Atlantic coast. During weekends and holidays, the beach comes alive with live music, reggae, hiplife, and traditional drumming performances. Beach bars and restaurants serve fresh seafood and local specialties. Entry costs around 20 GHS ($3). While the beach offers energetic atmosphere and entertainment, visitors should note concerns about cleanliness and manage expectations accordingly.

Kokrobite Beach, located approximately 30 km west of central Accra, offers a more laid-back atmosphere popular with both locals and international visitors. This beach is known for its artistic community, live music venues, and regular beach parties featuring bonfires and dancing. Several guesthouses and restaurants line the shore, making it ideal for weekend getaways.

Nightlife and Entertainment

Accra's nightlife scene thrives in several key districts. Osu, centered around Oxford Street, serves as the nightlife epicenter with numerous bars, clubs, and lounges. Popular venues include Republic Bar & Grill, known for innovative cocktails featuring local ingredients, and Carbon Nightclub, one of the city's most prestigious clubs attracting international DJs and well-heeled crowds. +233 Jazz Bar & Grill offers live band performances six nights weekly in a more relaxed setting.

East Legon has emerged as another nightlife hub with upscale restaurants, rooftop bars, and entertainment venues. The area attracts a younger, affluent crowd and offers everything from sophisticated cocktail lounges to energetic dance clubs. Most venues come alive after 10 PM and stay open until 3-4 AM on weekends.

Shopping and Markets

Modern shopping malls including Accra Mall, Marina Mall, West Hills Mall, and Junction Mall feature international brands, cinemas, food courts, and entertainment facilities. For authentic local experiences, Makola Market in central Accra offers a vast selection of textiles, crafts, produce, and household goods. The Arts Centre near the National Cultural Centre specializes in traditional crafts, wood carvings, textiles, and souvenirs, perfect for visitors seeking authentic Ghanaian artworks.

Cultural festivals occur throughout the year, celebrating Ghana's diverse ethnic groups. The Homowo Festival (August) celebrated by the Ga people, features traditional ceremonies, music, and feasting. Chale Wote Street Art Festival (August) transforms Jamestown into an open-air gallery with murals, performances, and installations attracting international artists.

Sources: Ghana Museums and Monuments Board, Time Out Accra, Local tourism information

Daily life in Accra combines modern conveniences with African traditions. The city experiences a tropical climate with two rainy seasons (April-June and September-November) and warm temperatures year-round, averaging 26-32°C (79-90°F). The dry season from December to March can feel particularly hot. Air conditioning is essential for comfort in homes, offices, and vehicles.

Public Transportation and Getting Around

Transportation options in Accra are diverse but can be challenging during peak hours when traffic congestion is significant. Trotros, shared minibuses holding 12-24 passengers, are the most common form of public transport, serving approximately 70% of the population. These colorful vehicles operate on fixed routes without formal schedules, departing when full. Fares are inexpensive, typically costing 2 to 5 GHS ($0.30-$0.75) depending on distance. However, trotros can be crowded and uncomfortable for newcomers.

Taxis are plentiful throughout Accra. Standard taxis don't use meters, requiring fare negotiation before departure. Typical rides within central Accra cost 7 to 15 GHS ($1-$2.50), while longer journeys to suburbs may cost 20 to 40 GHS ($3-$6). For greater convenience and safety, ride-hailing apps like Uber, Bolt, and Yango operate extensively in Accra, offering transparent pricing, tracked routes, and cashless payment options. App-based rides generally cost slightly more than negotiated taxis but provide better reliability.

Metro Mass Transit buses offer comfortable, air-conditioned service on specific routes, though coverage is limited. These buses are safer and more comfortable than trotros, with fixed fares. For those preferring independence, car rental services are available through international companies like Avis and Europcar, with prices ranging from $40 to $80 daily. However, driving in Accra requires patience due to heavy traffic, particularly during morning (6-9 AM) and evening (4-7 PM) rush hours.

Lifestyle and Social Life

Accra's social scene is vibrant and welcoming. The city offers numerous shopping malls including Accra Mall, West Hills Mall, Marina Mall, and Junction Mall, featuring international brands, restaurants, cinemas, and entertainment facilities. Restaurants serve diverse cuisines from traditional Ghanaian dishes like fufu, jollof rice, and banku to international options including Chinese, Indian, Lebanese, and Italian. Dining out is relatively affordable, with local meals costing 20-40 GHS ($3-$6) and upscale restaurant dinners ranging from 100-200 GHS ($15-$30) per person.

Healthcare facilities in Accra include several private hospitals and clinics meeting international standards, such as Trust Hospital, Nyaho Medical Centre, and Greater Accra Regional Hospital. Most expatriates opt for private healthcare, which requires insurance coverage. Basic utilities including electricity and water are generally reliable, though backup generators are common for handling occasional power interruptions.

Sources: Accra Trotro Information, Transport in Ghana

Accra offers a moderate cost of living compared to other major African capitals and Western cities. While housing comprises the largest expense, food, transportation, and entertainment remain reasonably priced. Imported goods and international schools represent the most significant costs for expatriate families. Currency is the Ghanaian Cedi (GHS), with an exchange rate of approximately 15 GHS to 1 USD as of late 2025. However, many transactions, particularly for housing and international schools, are priced in USD.

Monthly Budget Breakdown - Single Person

The following table provides estimated monthly living costs for a single person living comfortably in Accra, excluding rent. These figures reflect typical expatriate spending patterns and include both local and international options.

Monthly Budget Breakdown - Family of Four

Families face higher costs, particularly for international schooling and larger housing. The following estimates reflect expenses for a family of four (two adults, two school-aged children) living in a comfortable expatriate neighborhood.

Sources: Numbeo Cost of Living Data, Local market surveys, International school fee schedules