Living in the Bahamas: the ultimate expat guide

Establishing legal residence in The Bahamas requires understanding the various visa categories and permit types available. The immigration system differentiates clearly between visitors, temporary workers, annual residents, and permanent residents. Your nationality, employment situation, and length of stay will determine which route suits your needs.

Visa-free entry for short stays

US, Canadian, and UK citizens enjoy visa-free entry for up to 8 months, making The Bahamas particularly accessible for North American and British residents. Commonwealth citizens also benefit from extended stays, though some exceptions apply. All visitors must present a passport valid for at least 6 months beyond departure, proof of return ticket, and sufficient funds if requested by immigration officials.

Citizens of numerous Latin American countries including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Costa Rica can enter visa-free for up to 3 months. US and Canadian permanent residents (green card holders) are limited to 30 days maximum without a visa. For stays beyond these periods, you'll need to apply for the appropriate permit before your authorized stay expires.

BEATS program for remote workers

The Bahamas Extended Access Travel Stay (BEATS) program targets digital nomads, remote workers, and students. Valid for one year and renewable, this permit allows you to work or study remotely for an overseas employer or university while living in The Bahamas. This increasingly popular option suits professionals who can work from anywhere and want to combine productivity with a tropical lifestyle, without navigating traditional work permit requirements.

Short-term and annual work permits

Employment in The Bahamas requires a valid work permit. Short-term work permits cover assignments from 1 to 90 days, with a processing fee of BSD 100 (non-refundable) and a 7-day turnaround after complete submission. You'll need the application form, medical certificate (issued within 30 days), police certificate (covering past 5 years, issued within 6 months), 2 passport photos, and your passport.

Annual work permits apply to contracts exceeding 90 days. Processing fees increase to BSD 200 with an 8-12 week processing time. Since September 2025, a Labour Certificate has become mandatory for certain employment categories (Fee Scale 8). Your employer must submit the application with the notarized First Schedule Form 1 (with BSD 10 stamp duty), medical certificate, police certificate, photos, and Labour Certificate. For employment exceeding 30 days, National Insurance Board (NIB) certification is required.

Permit to Reside for non-working residents

The Permit to Reside serves retirees, financially independent individuals, and dependents who don't intend to work locally. This annual permit costs BSD 200 in processing fees with an 8-12 week wait. Required documents include Form First Schedule Form 1, medical certificate, police certificate, and 2 photos. This option works perfectly for retirees with overseas pensions or investment income, allowing you to enjoy the tax-free lifestyle without employment restrictions.

Permanent residence options

Permanent residence can be obtained through investment or long-term employment. The investment route requires a minimum BSD 1,000,000 (USD 1 million) in real estate or government bonds, held for at least 10 years. This attracts high-net-worth individuals seeking permanent tax-free residence while making a substantial financial commitment.

The employment route requires 20 consecutive years of legal work permits in The Bahamas. Special professional categories enjoy faster tracks: police officers, prison officers, teachers (government or charitable institutions), and nurses qualify after 10 years of service. Doctors and ministers of religion remain subject to the 20-year requirement. Application fees are BSD 200, and all documents must be apostilled.

Application process overview

Securing a work permit follows these steps: obtain a job offer from a Bahamian employer, have your employer submit the application with the Labour Certificate to the Department of Immigration, complete medical examination and obtain police certificate, submit complete documentation, wait for processing (7 days to 12 weeks depending on permit type), potentially attend an interview at the consultation unit, and receive your permit upon approval.

For extensions beyond your authorized stay, contact the Department of Immigration before your current permit expires to avoid complications.

The Bahamian economy centers on tourism and financial services, creating a specific job market profile that expatriates should understand. While opportunities exist, competition can be fierce, and certain sectors strongly favor Bahamian nationals. Understanding salary expectations, key industries, and business formation options will help you navigate the employment landscape effectively.

Labor market and salary expectations

The unemployment rate reached 10.8% in Q1 2025, up from 9% in Q4 2024 and 7.2% in Q3 2024, reflecting post-pandemic economic adjustments and tourism sector fluctuations. Youth unemployment (ages 15-24) stands at a concerning 20.9%. The total workforce comprises 240,650 people, with underemployment affecting 30.4% of workers who are part-time but seeking more hours.

Minimum wage sits at BSD 260 per week (effective January 2023), approximately BSD 1,125 monthly. This remains below the high cost of living. The median salary reaches BSD 3,525 per month, with the average at BSD 4,063 monthly. The 25th percentile earns BSD 2,550, while the 75th percentile receives BSD 5,350 monthly. Annual salary increases average a modest 2%, or about 5% every 28 months.

Here are average monthly salaries for in-demand positions:

Source: Time Doctor

Key sectors for expatriates

Tourism dominates the economy at 70-80% of GDP, employing over half the workforce. Hotels, resorts, restaurants, tour operators, and water sports businesses constantly seek qualified managers, marketing professionals, and customer service experts. High season runs from December through April, creating peak hiring periods. Luxury hospitality positions offer the best compensation and working conditions.

Financial services contribute 15% of GDP, with Nassau established as a respected international financial center. Private banking, offshore insurance, investment fund management, and consulting firms seek qualified finance professionals, accountants, compliance officers, and wealth managers. The Bahamas' favorable tax regime attracts international financial institutions, creating ongoing demand for experienced professionals.

Manufacturing and agriculture remain marginal at under 7% of GDP. Expatriate opportunities concentrate heavily in tourism, finance, and associated services (IT, consulting, luxury real estate).

Starting your own business

Business formation in The Bahamas attracts international entrepreneurs through minimal taxation and straightforward procedures. The International Business Company (IBC) structure is most popular for offshore operations. An IBC enjoys complete tax exemption if conducting business outside The Bahamas, making it ideal for international trade, consulting services, and investment management.

An IBC requires minimum one shareholder (individual or corporate) and one director, with no residency requirements. You must appoint a local registered agent and maintain a local registered address. Alternative structures include Limited Liability Company (LLC) for operational flexibility, Exempted Limited Partnership for investment funds, and standard local companies for conducting business within The Bahamas.

The formation process starts with reserving your company name, followed by submitting constitutional documents (Memorandum and Articles of Association, ID documents, proof of address). You then register with the Business Licence Division and obtain your Business Licence. If employing local staff, NIB registration is mandatory. VAT registration becomes necessary once turnover exceeds the legal threshold.

Formation timelines range from 2-4 business days to 2 weeks for IBC completion, with initial registration costing BSD 100. Full formation packages through registered agents run USD 1,455 to USD 3,000, including all services (registered agent, address, administrative support). Annual government fees for an IBC are USD 350 (capital under BSD 50,000) or USD 1,000 (capital over BSD 50,000). Local companies pay Business Licence fees of BSD 100 (turnover under BSD 50k), then 0.5% to 1.25% of turnover.

Non-Bahamians planning local business operations must submit a detailed Project Proposal to the Bahamas Investment Authority (BIA) for approval. This additional step protects local markets while ensuring foreign ventures add economic value.

For current registration procedures, consult the company formation registry.

The Bahamas' tax system represents its primary attraction for international residents. The complete absence of personal income tax sets this jurisdiction apart globally, creating significant wealth preservation opportunities. However, understanding the full fiscal picture requires looking beyond income tax to other taxes, duties, and social contributions that affect residents and businesses.

Zero personal income tax

The Bahamas imposes no income tax on individuals, whether resident or non-resident. This exemption covers all income types: salaries, pensions, dividends, interest, capital gains (both securities and real estate). You also pay no inheritance tax, gift tax, or wealth tax. This comprehensive tax-free status creates substantial financial advantages, particularly for high earners, retirees with substantial pensions, and investors.

This contrasts sharply with high-tax jurisdictions where top marginal rates can exceed 40-50%. A professional earning USD 100,000 annually might save USD 30,000-40,000 yearly compared to typical OECD countries. However, citizens of countries like the United States remain subject to worldwide taxation regardless of residence, requiring specialist tax advice before relocating.

Value-Added Tax (VAT)

The Value-Added Tax provides the government's primary revenue source. The standard rate stands at 10% on most goods and services. A reduced 5% rate applies to unprepared food sold in grocery stores (effective April 1, 2025), aimed at reducing living costs. This reduced rate expanded September 1, 2025, to include diapers (baby and adult), feminine hygiene products, medicines, and medical supplies.

Conversely, items deemed non-essential returned to the 10% standard rate in 2025: confectionery, chewing gum, and soft drinks. If establishing a business, VAT registration becomes mandatory once turnover exceeds the defined threshold.

National Insurance Board contributions

The National Insurance Board (NIB) administers social security. Contribution rates increased July 1, 2024, to strengthen system viability. Employees contribute 4.65% of insurable salary, while employers pay 6.65%, totaling 11.3% of salary. The monthly contribution cap is BSD 3,077.

Self-employed individuals and independent contractors pay 8.8% since July 2024. These contributions primarily fund basic healthcare (preventive care only), pensions, and certain social benefits. Note that public healthcare coverage remains limited, making private health insurance essential for comprehensive coverage.

Property tax and transfer duties

The Real Property Tax applies to property owners. Owner-occupied properties under BSD 250,000 enjoy complete exemption. Above this threshold, rates vary: 0.625% (5/8 of 1%) for properties valued between BSD 250,000-500,000, and 1% for properties exceeding BSD 500,000. Commercial properties face rates up to 1.5%. Annual declarations must be filed with the Chief Valuation Officer.

Property transactions also incur Stamp Duty, a transfer tax on real estate sales and significant money transfers. These fees can substantially impact property purchase costs.

Customs duties

Customs duties generate major government revenue and significantly affect living costs. Rates vary dramatically from 0% to 220% depending on product category. Electronics and televisions face 35% duty plus 1% processing fees plus 10% VAT. Gasoline vehicles incur 45% duty, while electric and hybrid vehicles enjoy a preferential 10% rate promoting environmental transition. Even basic food items like chicken carry 10% duty.

These high import duties protect local economy but directly impact purchasing power. Factor these costs into vehicle imports or personal goods when relocating.

Corporate minimum tax for multinationals

Effective January 1, 2024, The Bahamas applies a Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT) of 15% to multinationals with consolidated revenues exceeding EUR 750 million. This measure, aligned with OECD international standards, targets large corporations and should generate approximately USD 140 million annually (1% of GDP). This tax doesn't affect SMEs, individual entrepreneurs, or private individuals.

No tax treaties

The Bahamas has signed no double taxation treaties with other countries. This absence can complicate your tax situation if maintaining economic ties to your home country. However, the archipelago has signed Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEA) with over 27 countries, supporting international efforts against tax evasion and money laundering.

Before relocating, consult a specialist in international taxation to optimize your situation and ensure compliance with obligations both in The Bahamas and your country of origin.

The Bahamian healthcare system combines public infrastructure with private facilities, achieving standards among the Caribbean's best. However, public coverage remains limited in scope, making private health insurance nearly essential for expatriates seeking comprehensive care. Understanding this mixed system helps you plan appropriate coverage and anticipate healthcare expenses.

Limited public coverage through NIB

The National Insurance Board (NIB) provides the foundation of public healthcare. All residents contributing to NIB (see taxation section) receive coverage for primary and preventive care: routine examinations, vaccinations, blood pressure and cholesterol monitoring. However, the NHI Bahamas system does NOT cover curative care, hospitalizations, surgical procedures, or childbirth. This significant limitation explains why most expatriates and affluent Bahamians opt for private insurance.

Accessing public healthcare requires a NIB card and registration with public health facilities. Emergency services remain available to everyone, residents and visitors alike, though wait times can be long and equipment sometimes dated in public hospitals.

Private health insurance strongly recommended

Securing international private health insurance becomes virtually essential for comprehensive coverage. Medical costs without insurance can be prohibitive: a natural childbirth costs approximately BSD 1,500, while a cesarean section easily exceeds BSD 5,000. Specialist consultations, medical imaging, and surgical procedures at private facilities rapidly reach thousands of dollars.

International insurance policies typically offer worldwide or regional coverage including The Bahamas, with options for medical evacuation to the United States (particularly Miami) for complex cases requiring ultra-specialized care. Compare contracts carefully before subscribing, checking particularly coverage limits, exclusions, and medical evacuation provisions.

Hospitals and medical infrastructure

In Nassau, Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH) serves as the country's largest public facility. As a university hospital affiliated with the University of the Bahamas and founded in 1959, it offers a wide range of medical services. For higher quality care and faster service, expatriates prefer private facilities like Doctors Hospital, renowned for advanced diagnostic services, or St. Anne's Medical Centre, specializing in pediatrics, obstetrics, and general surgery.

On Grand Bahama (Freeport), Rand Memorial Hospital serves as the main public facility, complemented by Grand Bahama Health Services offering emergency care, general surgery, and obstetrics-gynecology services.

For any medical emergency in The Bahamas, dial 919 to reach ambulance, police, or fire services. This single emergency number functions throughout the archipelago.

Quality of care and system limitations

The Bahamas ranks among the Caribbean's best healthcare systems, with physicians often trained in the United States or United Kingdom. Primary care is accessible through a network of public clinics distributed across major islands. However, specialized care concentrates in Nassau and Freeport, requiring Out Island residents to travel for advanced consultations.

For complex conditions requiring cutting-edge treatments or ultra-specialized surgery, medical evacuation to the United States (Miami, Fort Lauderdale) often becomes necessary. This underscores the importance of choosing insurance including this coverage.

Healthcare expenditure represents 6.5% to 7% of Bahamian GDP, a level comparable to other Caribbean nations but significantly below North American or European standards. This difference reflects in available resources, particularly in public hospitals.

Education in The Bahamas offers several options for expatriate families, with a network of quality international schools concentrated primarily in Nassau and Freeport. The local education system, based on British and North American models, maintains good academic standards. For expatriates wanting internationally recognized programs, several schools offer the International Baccalaureate (IB), Cambridge International, or American curricula.

The Bahamian education system

Public education is free and compulsory from ages 5 to 16 in The Bahamas. The country boasts a high literacy rate of approximately 96% and a school enrollment rate of 92%. The system comprises 210 schools total, including 160 public and 55 private institutions. Instruction occurs in English, facilitating integration for anglophone expatriate children.

International schools in Nassau

Lyford Cay International School (LCIS) represents the archipelago's most prestigious institution. Founded in 1962, this school offers the complete International Baccalaureate program from 18 months to 18 years: Early Learning, Primary Years Programme, Middle Years Programme, IB Diploma, and Career-Related Programme. The school enrolls 377 students from 43 nationalities, including 110 Americans, taught by 48 teachers from 14 nationalities. Accreditations include IB Organization, Council of International Schools, and New England Association of Schools and Colleges.

2023-2024 tuition fees at Lyford Cay vary by level: USD 9,596 for Preschool half-day (USD 10,927 full-day), USD 17,625 for JrPreK, USD 19,180 for PreK, USD 20,735 for Kindergarten, USD 26,365 for Lower Elementary (grades 1-2), USD 26,629 for Upper Elementary (grades 3-5), and USD 29,820 for Lower Middle School (grades 6-8). The school is located at Lyford Cay Drive (PO Box N-7776).

King's College School, The Bahamas serves students ages 3 to 18, offering Cambridge International, IB Diploma Programme, and A-levels. Member of the prestigious Inspired Education Group network comprising over 120 schools worldwide, King's College features modern facilities with state-of-the-art sports and arts equipment. The school provides specialized university counseling, with one-third of Inspired graduates entering Russell Group or Ivy League universities.

St Andrew's School also offers the IB programme (Primary and Diploma) with annual fees ranging from BSD 5,580 to BSD 13,635. The school administers American standardized tests PSAT, SAT, and ACT, facilitating North American university access. Located in Yamacraw, Nassau.

Windsor School holds NEASC (New England Association of Schools and Colleges) accreditation and offers a globally-oriented program with personalized curriculum. The school welcomes both Bahamian and international families, creating an enriching multicultural environment.

Other reputable institutions include San Pedro International School (non-denominational accepting international students, located on Tonique Williams-Darling Highway, Carmichael), Tambearly School (founded 1985, offering American curriculum enriched with British, Canadian, and Bahamian elements from Pre-K to 9th Grade in Sandy Port), Queen's College, and Summit Academy (Pre-school to Grade 7, co-educational, East Bay Street).

International schools in Freeport

On Grand Bahama, Lucaya International School (LIS) offers IB programme (Primary and Diploma) with annual fees of BSD 5,425 to BSD 13,435. The school enrolls 235 students, 50% Bahamian and 50% international representing 30 nationalities. This accredited university preparatory school is located on Chesapeake Drive.

Additional educational considerations

No American international schools or British curriculum schools specifically accredited by their respective governments operate in The Bahamas, though several schools offer American-style or Cambridge curricula. Many expatriate families supplement local schooling with online programs or tutoring in their home country's curriculum if planning to return.

The IB programme offered at multiple schools provides the advantage of global recognition and facilitates transitions between countries, making it an excellent choice for internationally mobile families.

Securing suitable accommodation represents a crucial step in your Bahamas relocation. The real estate market presents stark contrasts between islands, with significant price variations between Nassau, Freeport, and the Out Islands. Whether renting or buying, understanding local market dynamics helps you make informed decisions.

Types of available housing

The Bahamian property market offers diverse options suited to all budgets and lifestyles. Apartments from one to three bedrooms represent the most accessible option, particularly popular with young professionals and couples. Single-family homes suit families better, offering more space and often a yard. Condominiums combine apartment advantages (security, shared amenities) with more space and facilities.

For affluent budgets, luxury villas and properties in gated communities represent the top market tier. These secure residences offer private pools, direct beach access, private marinas, and premium services. Waterfront properties represent the pinnacle, with prices reaching several million dollars in prime locations like Lyford Cay or Paradise Island.

Popular expatriate neighborhoods in Nassau

Lyford Cay epitomizes Bahamian real estate excellence. This ultra-luxury gated community welcomes celebrities, business leaders, and wealthy families worldwide. Properties command astronomical prices but offer exceptional living with golf, private marina, and maximum security.

Paradise Island, connected to Nassau by two bridges, concentrates upscale resorts and luxury residences. The famous Atlantis Resort dominates the island, creating a tourist yet also residential atmosphere with condominiums and villas for permanent residents. Prices remain high but proximity to Nassau and infrastructure access justify the investment for many expatriates.

Cable Beach offers a good compromise between accessibility and beachfront quality of life. This zone concentrates hotels, restaurants, and residences with a more relaxed atmosphere than Paradise Island. Prices remain slightly more affordable while staying elevated.

Eastern Road hosts several gated communities including Palm Cay, a modern residential development with marina, clubhouse, and services. This area attracts expatriate families seeking security and amenities without Lyford Cay's prohibitive prices.

Old Fort Bay and Albany complete the upscale private community offerings, with golf courses, sports facilities, and secure family environments.

Rental costs in Nassau and Freeport

In Nassau, rentals vary considerably by neighborhood and property quality. A one-bedroom apartment in the city center costs between BSD 1,000 and BSD 3,000 monthly. Three-bedroom apartments generally exceed BSD 3,000 per month, with significant variations based on location and amenities. Properties in gated communities or waterfront easily reach BSD 5,000 to BSD 10,000 monthly.

Nassau rentals run 33.6% higher than Freeport, reflecting capital status and concentration of professional opportunities and services. This significant difference pushes some expatriates to favor Freeport for better financial quality of life.

In Freeport (Grand Bahama), rentals are notably more affordable. A one-bedroom apartment rents for BSD 800 to BSD 1,200 monthly, while a two-bedroom costs BSD 1,200 to BSD 1,800 per month. This accessibility makes Freeport an attractive alternative for expatriates on tighter budgets or families wanting more space without budget explosion.

Purchase prices

The purchase market presents highly variable average prices by island. In Nassau, average property price reaches BSD 591,830. Median price per square meter for apartment sales stands at BSD 5,336/m², or approximately USD 5,336/m² (1:1 parity). These elevated prices reflect sustained demand and scarce available land on New Providence.

On Eleuthera, average price climbs to BSD 992,788, attracting affluent clientele seeking tranquility and authenticity. Bimini, renowned for sport fishing, shows an average price of BSD 1,140,000. These smaller, exclusive islands command high prices despite limited service offerings.

Rental procedures

Renting accommodation typically requires a security deposit equivalent to 1 or 2 months' rent, plus the first month paid in advance. Landlords often request professional references, proof of income, and sometimes a bank guarantee for newly arrived expatriates. Engaging a local real estate agent greatly facilitates the process, especially if you're unfamiliar with the market. Agents know availabilities, can negotiate, and help avoid scams unfortunately common in tourist destinations.

Relocating to The Bahamas represents an exciting adventure but demands meticulous preparation. From administrative formalities to transporting personal belongings to adapting to a new island nation, each step deserves attention. Here are the essential points to anticipate for a successful installation.

Administrative and practical checklist

1. Secure your visa or permit BEFORE arrival. Don't depart without securing your legal status (work permit, Permit to Reside, or permanent residence depending on your situation). Procedures can take 7 days to 12 weeks depending on permit type.
2. Open a local bank account upon arrival. With the Bahamian dollar pegged 1:1 to the US dollar, transactions are simplified. International banks present in Nassau facilitate transfers from abroad.
3. Secure housing before arrival or arrange temporary accommodation for initial weeks. Engaging a recommended real estate agent saves valuable time and avoids unpleasant surprises.
4. Arrange private health insurance before departure or immediately upon arrival. The Bahamian public system is limited and private medical costs very high without coverage.
5. Enroll children in international schools several months in advance. Places are limited at top institutions, and waiting lists can be long, particularly at Lyford Cay and King's College.
6. Register your vehicle if importing one, accounting for prohibitive customs duties: 45% for gasoline vehicles, 10% for electric and hybrid. Many expatriates prefer buying a used vehicle locally to avoid these fees.
7. Register with your embassy or consulate to facilitate administrative procedures and be contacted in emergencies. US citizens can register with the US Embassy Nassau; UK citizens with the British High Commission Nassau; Canadians with the Canadian Consulate Nassau.
8. Obtain a local driver's license if necessary. Your home country license is generally accepted for a short period, but a Bahamian license becomes mandatory for long-term residents.
9. Budget for maritime or air freight costs for personal belongings. Rates are high due to island location, and delays can extend several weeks, particularly for ocean freight.
10. Build a substantial initial budget. Living costs in The Bahamas are 36.1% higher than the United States, and imported goods cost particularly high due to customs duties. Plan 3 to 6 months of living expenses in reserve.

Import duties to understand

Personal effects are generally exempt from customs duties if you've owned them over 6 months and they're for personal use. Keep purchase receipts and proof of ownership to justify age. Vehicles incur the duties mentioned previously (45% gasoline, 10% electric/hybrid), often making local purchase of a used vehicle more attractive.

Limits for alcohol and tobacco stand at 50 cigars, 200 cigarettes, or 1 pound of tobacco per adult. Beyond these limits, customs duties apply. Plan your duty-free purchases accordingly upon airport arrival.

Importing pets

If traveling with a dog or cat, a recent veterinary certificate is mandatory, attesting your pet is in good health. All vaccinations must be current, particularly rabies. You must obtain an import permit from the Ministry of Agriculture and Marine Resources before arrival. Anticipate this procedure several weeks in advance to avoid refusal upon arrival. Requirements may vary by species and origin; consult the ministry's official website for precise requirements.

The Bahamas delivers exceptional cultural, sporting, and tourist activities. From pristine beaches to historical sites, vibrant festivals to water sports, the archipelago guarantees an active and enriching lifestyle. The 700 islands offer varied experiences, from iconic tourist attractions to hidden Out Island treasures.

Cultural heritage and museums

The National Art Gallery of the Bahamas in Nassau serves as the country's premier art museum, exhibiting works by Bahamian and Caribbean artists. The Pirates of Nassau Museum offers interactive immersion into the golden age of piracy that marked the archipelago's 18th-century history. Children love this engaging visit bringing to life the era of famous pirates like Blackbeard.

British historical forts testify to colonial past: Fort Charlotte, The Bahamas' largest fort completed in 1789, offers panoramic views over Nassau harbor. Fort Fincastle, built in the shape of a steamship, and Fort Montagu, the archipelago's oldest fort (1741), complete this fascinating historical circuit.

John Watling's Distillery offers free discovery of Bahamian rum production in a restored historical estate. Tastings and guided tours reveal this Caribbean spirit. Clifton Heritage National Park traces Lucayan history, the Bahamas' first inhabitants, with colonial ruins, nature trails, and preserved archaeological sites.

Major festivals and events

Junkanoo represents The Bahamas' most important cultural manifestation. These spectacular parades run from December 26 to January 1, with costumed groups parading through streets to rhythms of traditional African and Caribbean music. Elaborate costumes, synchronized choreography, and infectious energy make it an unmissable event.

Bahamas Carnival, organized late April to early May, celebrates Caribbean culture with several days of festivities: concerts, street parades, beach parties, and competitions. Independence Day on July 10 features 12 hours of national celebrations with parades, concerts, and fireworks.

Water sports and outdoor activities

The Bahamas' crystal-clear waters lend themselves ideally to water sports. Snorkeling and scuba diving reveal exceptional coral reefs, historical wrecks, and abundant marine life. Dive sites rank among the planet's finest, with visibility often exceeding 30 meters. Jet-skiing, kayaking, paddleboarding, and sailing complete the offerings for all levels.

Sport fishing attracts enthusiasts worldwide. Bimini earned its reputation as world capital of "Big Game Fishing" thanks to marlin, tuna, and other game fish in its waters. International competitions punctuate the fishing season from May through September.

Golf enthusiasts enjoy world-class courses, notably at Atlantis Paradise Island, Albany, and Ocean Club. Tennis is also widely practiced, with numerous clubs and academies. Kitesurfing is rapidly developing, benefiting from consistent trade winds.

Hiking trails at Clifton Heritage National Park and Lucayan National Park (Grand Bahama) allow exploring Bahamian nature: pine forests, mangroves, underwater caves (Blue Holes), and preserved coastal zones.

Iconic tourist attractions

The Atlantis Paradise Island complex dominates tourist offerings with its 141-acre Aquaventure water park, massive casino, golf courses, and spectacular 8-million-gallon marine habitat housing 50,000 marine animals. The Leap of Faith Slide, iconic toboggan passing through a shark-filled tank, thrills adrenaline seekers.

Blue Lagoon Island (Salt Cay), located just 3 miles from Nassau, offers programs for swimming with dolphins, sea lions, and stingrays. Rates start at USD 69 for adults and USD 45 for children. This family activity remains very popular with expatriates and tourists.

The swimming pigs of Big Major Cay (Exuma) constitute one of The Bahamas' most unusual and photographed attractions. These wild pigs living on a deserted island and swimming with visitors have gone viral on social media. Excursions from Nassau cost from USD 436 for 8 hours, including speedboat transport.

Pink sand beaches of Harbour Island and Lighthouse Beach (Eleuthera) offer a unique natural spectacle. The pink color comes from tiny red shells (foraminifera) mixed with white sand. Glass Window Bridge (Eleuthera) impresses with this natural bridge where the dark blue Atlantic Ocean meets the turquoise Caribbean Sea, creating a striking contrast.

Thunderball Grotto near Staniel Cay (Exuma) is an underwater cave made famous by James Bond films. Snorkeling and diving reveal a fascinating marine ecosystem in exceptionally clear water. The Exuma Cays Land and Sea Park, the Caribbean's first marine protected area, preserves 176 square miles of pristine ecosystems.

Cable Beach and Cabbage Beach in Nassau, Compass Cay where you can swim with harmless nurse sharks, Rose Island for day trips with pigs and snorkeling: the list of remarkable sites seems endless.

People-to-People program

The Bahamian government offers a free program called People-to-People Experience where a local volunteer guide shows you authentic Bahamian lifestyle: visiting local markets, family lunch, participating in community activities. This program enables cultural immersion impossible in standard tourist circuits. Register on the official Bahamas.com website.

Inter-island transport for exploring the archipelago

The Bahamas counts approximately 24 domestic airports serving main islands and Out Islands. Bahamas Ferries connects Nassau to Andros, Abacos, Eleuthera, Exumas, Grand Bahama, and Long Island. Mail boats, historical government service, provide passenger and cargo transport to Out Islands for BSD 30-45, with journeys of 5 to 24 hours depending on destination. Private boats and charters offer more flexibility for expatriates owning their own vessel or wanting to organize custom outings.

Daily life in The Bahamas differs considerably from major European or North American cities. Island rhythm, permanent tropical climate, and local culture create a distinctive lifestyle requiring adaptation. Understanding these specifics helps you better experience your expatriation and fully enjoy your new Caribbean life.

Transportation and getting around

Public transportation in The Bahamas remains limited and unreliable. Jitneys, colorful minibuses providing public bus service, cost BSD 1.50 per trip and serve Nassau and main New Providence areas. However, schedules are approximate and routes not always clear for newcomers. Taxis are available but expensive, operating without meters (negotiate price before boarding). Water taxis connect Nassau to Paradise Island, offering a picturesque alternative to bridges.

Most expatriates opt for private vehicle purchase or rental. Costs remain high due to customs duties (45% on gasoline vehicles, 10% on electric/hybrid). A new vehicle like a Toyota Corolla costs approximately BSD 30,000 and up, duties included. Many prefer buying a used vehicle locally to reduce initial investment. Bicycle, scooter, or motorcycle rental constitutes an option for short distances, particularly in Nassau where traffic can be dense.

For inter-island travel, you can choose between domestic flights (network of ~24 airports), ferries (Bahamas Ferries serves main islands from Nassau), government mail boats (BSD 30-45, journeys of 5-24h), and private boats or charters if you own your own vessel.

Food and groceries

Supermarkets in Nassau and Freeport offer complete selection, but prices remain high as most products are imported. American brands dominate shelves. Local markets like Arawak Cay Fish Fry and Potters Cay in Nassau offer fresh fish, local fruits and vegetables at more affordable prices. These traditional markets also serve as meeting places and cultural immersion.

Local cuisine deserves discovery: conch fritters, guava duff (guava dessert), ultra-fresh fish and seafood. Restaurant offerings range from affordable street food to high-end gastronomy. Nassau offers 40.5% more restaurants than Freeport, but prices are also higher.

Food costs average 36.1% more than in the United States. Favor local products (fish, tropical fruits) and expect to pay dearly for imported products from Europe or North America.

Climate and lifestyle

The Bahamas' tropical climate displays temperatures ranging between 26-33°C (79-91°F) depending on season. It's warm year-round, with high summer humidity. The pace of life is slower and more relaxed than in Europe or the United States, reflecting the famous "island time." This mentality can frustrate initially but eventually wins over most expatriates who appreciate this less stressful approach to daily living.

Hurricane season runs from June 1 to November 30. While The Bahamas isn't struck every year, it's prudent to avoid planning moves or important travel during this period. Follow weather alerts and prepare your home (hurricane shutters, water and food reserves).

Language and integration

English is the official language, greatly facilitating integration for anglophone expatriates. Bahamians speak a local Creole English with particular expressions and accent, but remain generally understandable. The welcoming attitude of most locals eases social integration.

Religion and culture

Bahamian society is deeply Christian, with strong presence of Baptist, Anglican, and Catholic churches. Sunday remains a respected day of rest, with many businesses closed. Bahamians are generally welcoming and warm, with a hospitality culture inherited from Caribbean traditions.

Safety and areas to avoid

While generally safe for expatriates, certain Nassau areas present risks. The "Over the Hill" neighborhood (south of Shirley Street) experiences higher crime rates and should be avoided, especially at night. Arawak Cay Fish Fry, though popular during daytime, becomes less safe after dark. Violent crimes occasionally occur, even in tourist zones. Adopt usual precautions: don't display ostentatious wealth, avoid walking alone at night in less-frequented areas, secure your accommodation.

Regularly consult your country's travel advisories (US State Department, UK Foreign Office, etc.) for updates concerning The Bahamas.

The cost of living in The Bahamas ranks among the Caribbean's highest and exceeds even the United States by 36.1%. This economic reality stems from the archipelago's island nature, import dependence, and strong tourism orientation. Accurately anticipating your monthly expenses avoids unpleasant surprises and helps you negotiate appropriate salary.

General data and comparisons

The Bahamian economy relies essentially on tourism and financial services, creating high demand that drives prices upward. Consumer goods are mostly imported and subject to customs duties reaching 220%, explaining prohibitive rates on many products. 10% VAT (5% on basic food since 2025) adds to most purchases. Energy costs, particularly electricity and gasoline, far exceed North American or European standards.

Numbeo data from September 2025 establishes that a family of four spends on average USD 5,787 monthly excluding rent to live in The Bahamas. A single person should budget USD 1,616 monthly without rent. These amounts cover food, transportation, leisure, and current expenses but exclude housing, one of the heaviest charges.

Monthly budget for a single person in Nassau

Here's a realistic estimate of monthly expenses for a single expatriate living in Nassau:

Sources: Numbeo, Global Passport

Energy costs deserve particular attention: electricity and air conditioning (essential in tropical climate) cost over double US rates for a 915-square-foot dwelling. New vehicles reach prohibitive prices (Toyota Corolla from BSD 30,000) due to high customs duties. Gasoline itself costs dearly due to total hydrocarbon importation.

Monthly budget for a family of four in Nassau

A family with two children must budget significantly higher, particularly if children attend international schools:

Sources: Compilation Numbeo, international schools

School fees represent one of families' heaviest expenses. At Lyford Cay International School, annual rates range from USD 20,735 (Kindergarten) to USD 29,820 and higher (Middle School), or USD 1,728 to USD 2,485 monthly per child over 12 months. St Andrew's School and Lucaya International School in Freeport remain more affordable (BSD 5,580 to BSD 13,635 annually) but still represent considerable investment.

Nassau vs Freeport differences

Freeport offers significantly lower cost of living than Nassau: rentals run 33.6% cheaper and restaurants 40.5% more affordable. A family seeking to optimize budget while maintaining access to international schools (Lucaya International School) and modern infrastructure should seriously consider Freeport. Median salary in Freeport (BSD 3,120/month) remains lower than Nassau, reflecting a less dynamic job market.

Factors increasing costs

Several structural elements explain high living costs in The Bahamas. Import dependence subjects most goods to 0-220% customs duties. 10% VAT (5% on food) adds to almost all purchases. The tourism economy creates inflation on services and consumer goods. Energy costs (electricity, air conditioning, gasoline) far exceed American standards due to insularity and expensive energy production.

This data dates from September 2025 and may evolve. Regularly consult Numbeo and expatriate forums for updated information.