Job losses

Wow. That is a tough one and a legal situation I don’t specifically know about. 
But to specifically find out the legal situation in your case it is best to contact the government officials responsible for foreign workers. I found the following link that does give information about your specific situation. It sounds very complex. Basically one can change jobs without much problem if they have already worked 2 years.

https://www.berlin.de/labo/willkommen-i … 326856/en/

But it your case, you would need special approval but I don’t know the details how it is done but the following link seems to be the place you would have to contact to find out.

https://service.berlin.de/dienstleistun … 327437/en/

Once you have sorted out the legal situation and assuming you are allowed to stay and look for a new job,  you can either try to find a job on your own or  there is the public employment office known as Arbeitsamt. They have what they call job-centers where they advise people and try to find them jobs. Hopefully they would know the legal situation if they are allowed help you. I am setting a link that shows the different job-centers in Berlin. Most cities have just 1 but since Berlin is so big they have a dozen in different parts of the city, choose the one closet to you.

https://service.berlin.de/jobcenter/

Thank you... I am applying for other jobs... Let's hope

If your employment stipulates a probation period of six months and they terminated you within that, there isn't much you can do - you need to either find another job or leave Germany.
If you worked for more than six months, you should get a lawyer to check your dismissal, as the employer needs a valid reason and follow certain formalities to fire you. You can sue them for continued employment within three weeks of receiving the termination in writing.
You are eligible for unemployment benefits only after 12 months of working in Germany, and also other (e.g. social security) benefits don't apply, so until you find a new job or leave Germany, you need to live off your savings.
Good luck!