I live close to one of the mid-size wholesale food markets, when in HCM, and I recently found out where food importers sell their products. Way out in Thu Duc at the Agriculture Wholesale Market, which is by far the largest food distribution market of fruits/produce in Ho Chi Minh City.
Often I use the Lexis-Nexis database to see who is importing a product in to VN, or who in VN is exporting what. Though Lexis-Nexis costs, most of it's data is aggregated from public sources. As there was unused subscription time on our account this month I decided to check out a few of my private projects.
It's extremely easy for crooked traders to sell Chinese-grown fruits claiming they are the produce grown in the USA, or other countries with safe, developed agricultural practices and Quality Assurance.
Several hundred metric tons of Chinese fruits are officially (and legally) imported and transported to the Thu Duc Wholesale Food Market each night. This market sells to supermarkets as well as to traders who sell in smaller wholesale markets, such as Binh Chanh, Binh Dien or Hoc Mon.
Retailers, and small fruit vendors in small markets across Ho Chi Minh City and neighbouring localities source the products, in turn buy their needs from these markets and can be seen driving overloaded motorcycles around the city after 03.30H.
Many retail traders will, before displaying the fruits and produce on shelves, discard the individual packaging and even re-use boxes that proclaim the agricultural produce comes from the USA or other countries.
Another trick they employ to turn Chinese products into foreign ones is the application of fake labels. It's simplicity itself to get the fake stamps needed for this. “You can ask for the stamps at any print shop,” a wholesaler at one of the markets said.
The most common stamp has a photo of an apple on it, and 'Two-Cape' printed below. The 'Two-Cape' is frequently substituted with 'Fuji' or 'Washington' on other fake stamps.
China - the main supplier to VietNam
Lexis-Nexis reported VietNam Customs statistics show that more than 72,000 metric tons of apples, with a value of USD$23.8 million, were imported of which 75% came from China.
In the first eight months of this year, Chinese produce accounted for 57% of apple imports again based on VietNam Customs returns.
The Maths are simple
Chinese apples cost VND320,000 (USD$15.06)/10-kg box at the Thu Duc Wholesale Market, but at the retail level while consumers VND55,000 (USD$2.59) per kilogram.
Then there's Grapes and Oranges!
Other traders claim they only sell grapes from Ninh Thuan whereas in actual fact they are Chinese grown. Ninh Thuan is a south-central province some 362 kilometres from HCM that is renowned for high-quality grapes.
In 2013, 88% of imported oranges were from China, whereas 50% was for grapes.
And you think you can trust Vegetarian/Organic Retailers?
The answer is not likely. A certain well-known Organic store claimed they had "fresh food from their farm in Da Lat daily". Possibly, but I also have seen their buyer, and their truck at a mid-level wholesale HCM market at 04.00H in the morning - and not only once.
This outfit has 'their' farm in Da Lat. It should be 'farms' for the truck stops at several farms before heading for HCM.
Then there's additives
Vietnam's National Institute for Food Control senior manager was interviewed about food in VietNam. He commented that that Chinese pears can remain fresh for five months in normal environmental conditions - after they have been doused in mysterious, and unapproved, 'preservatives'. This preservative can be bought in VietNam where it is injected through fruit stems - typically you can see three injection holes after treatment - worth looking for on Jackfruit and Durian.